Development of plastic optical fiber (pof) through soft lithography by injection moulding technique for mass production /
Mohd Shafiq Bin Mat Ghazali,
Development of plastic optical fiber (pof) through soft lithography by injection moulding technique for mass production / Mohd Shafiq Bin Mat Ghazali - xviii, 163 pages : illustration ; 1
Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology
Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2024
The increasing demand for high-speed data transmission in various industries, including telecommunications, automotive, and home networking, has led to the widespread use of Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) as a cost-effective alternative to traditional glass optical fibers. However, there is a pressing need for the development of efficient and reliable POF splitters to facilitate the distribution of optical signals within these applications. This research has been conducted on the polymer optical fibre (POF) coupler, specifically the POF coupler with a symmetrical and asymmetrical coupling ratio, particularly for injection moulding applications that are bound by design and manufacturing drawbacks. Therefore, the objectives of this research is to create a 1x4 non-symmetrical POF splitter using soft-lithography technique and enhancing the production study of the POF through injection molding process by enhancing service oriented architecture (SOA) approach, which includes device mathematical design, simulation, and fabrication. The 1x4 nonsymmetrical POF coupler is built by cascading a Y-branch splitter between two 1x2 asymmetrical splitters. The Y-branch coupler's coupling ratio, or tap-off ratio (TOFR), is symmetrical at 50:50, but the 1x2 non-symmetrical coupler has TOFR at various nonsymmetric specified values. The 1x2 non-symmetrical coupler was built by altering the size of one of the output branches, the tap branch, while keeping the size of the second output branch or the bus branch been constant. Zemax optical design software was used to model the device utilising a non-symmetrical ray tracing approach. A master mould was carved on acrylic material using a CNC machine in this reproduction procedure. The second mould, made of epoxy, was copied from the master mould to guarantee that the succeeding PDMS mould has a V-shaped Y-junction characteristic as the proposal for better micro curvature construction. As a result, an extra stage in the soft-lithography process was successfully constructed with a better V-shape at the Y-junction of the device. The index of refraction of the waveguide core is 1.58, whereas the index of refraction of the cladding area is 1.49. The core material is then prepared for injection moulding. The TOFR values for the mathematical designed of the 1x4 non-symmetrical POF coupler range between 16% and 25%; while for the simulated POF ranges between 14.2% and 25.5%; and for the fabricated POF ranges between 17.0% and 23.6%. The SOA power output comparison between the U-shape and V-shape POF splitters was shown to have a substantial impact on the Y-branch splitter product. Based on the device's mathematical, simulation and experimental data, the compilation of SOA-TOFR values propose several coupling ratios between the branches. An adequate coupling ratio will guarantee acceptable quality with high acceptance design criteria at minimal waveguide loss. As a consequence, the SOA recommend key factors for better TOFR, such as taper width, insertion loss, and performance error. The SOA data will assist POF splitter designs meet specific optical application criteria
THE0009933 (Local)
Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology--Dissertations
Universities and colleges--Dissertations
Theses--Dissertations
Development of plastic optical fiber (pof) through soft lithography by injection moulding technique for mass production / Mohd Shafiq Bin Mat Ghazali - xviii, 163 pages : illustration ; 1
Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology
Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2024
The increasing demand for high-speed data transmission in various industries, including telecommunications, automotive, and home networking, has led to the widespread use of Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) as a cost-effective alternative to traditional glass optical fibers. However, there is a pressing need for the development of efficient and reliable POF splitters to facilitate the distribution of optical signals within these applications. This research has been conducted on the polymer optical fibre (POF) coupler, specifically the POF coupler with a symmetrical and asymmetrical coupling ratio, particularly for injection moulding applications that are bound by design and manufacturing drawbacks. Therefore, the objectives of this research is to create a 1x4 non-symmetrical POF splitter using soft-lithography technique and enhancing the production study of the POF through injection molding process by enhancing service oriented architecture (SOA) approach, which includes device mathematical design, simulation, and fabrication. The 1x4 nonsymmetrical POF coupler is built by cascading a Y-branch splitter between two 1x2 asymmetrical splitters. The Y-branch coupler's coupling ratio, or tap-off ratio (TOFR), is symmetrical at 50:50, but the 1x2 non-symmetrical coupler has TOFR at various nonsymmetric specified values. The 1x2 non-symmetrical coupler was built by altering the size of one of the output branches, the tap branch, while keeping the size of the second output branch or the bus branch been constant. Zemax optical design software was used to model the device utilising a non-symmetrical ray tracing approach. A master mould was carved on acrylic material using a CNC machine in this reproduction procedure. The second mould, made of epoxy, was copied from the master mould to guarantee that the succeeding PDMS mould has a V-shaped Y-junction characteristic as the proposal for better micro curvature construction. As a result, an extra stage in the soft-lithography process was successfully constructed with a better V-shape at the Y-junction of the device. The index of refraction of the waveguide core is 1.58, whereas the index of refraction of the cladding area is 1.49. The core material is then prepared for injection moulding. The TOFR values for the mathematical designed of the 1x4 non-symmetrical POF coupler range between 16% and 25%; while for the simulated POF ranges between 14.2% and 25.5%; and for the fabricated POF ranges between 17.0% and 23.6%. The SOA power output comparison between the U-shape and V-shape POF splitters was shown to have a substantial impact on the Y-branch splitter product. Based on the device's mathematical, simulation and experimental data, the compilation of SOA-TOFR values propose several coupling ratios between the branches. An adequate coupling ratio will guarantee acceptable quality with high acceptance design criteria at minimal waveguide loss. As a consequence, the SOA recommend key factors for better TOFR, such as taper width, insertion loss, and performance error. The SOA data will assist POF splitter designs meet specific optical application criteria
THE0009933 (Local)
Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology--Dissertations
Universities and colleges--Dissertations
Theses--Dissertations