Nanocellulose-alumina based hybrid nanocoolant for mild steel machining /
Jeevendran Kananathan,
Nanocellulose-alumina based hybrid nanocoolant for mild steel machining / Jeevendran Kananathan - xv, 127 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Thesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2018
Includes bibliographical references
Nanofluid has been subject of interest in thermal related applications due to their superior thermophysical properties. Cutting fluid plays a vital role by cooling the surface of the workpiece and the cutting tool. It also removes the chips from the cutting zone by lubricating the tool-workpiece interface. However, overheating that occurs at the cutting tool leads to a reduction of its sharpness and tool life. This would result in the inferior surface finish of the product, higher tool fatigue and higher utilisation of power. It is essential to control the heat created amid the process of the machining while the cutting liquid is present. A novel hybrid lubricant was developed by mixing alumina nanoparticles with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) into Ethylene Glycol-Water (cutting fluid) at a mixing ratio of 60:40. The present research attempts to study the viability of hybrid nanofluid (CNC-Al2O3-EG-Water) in enhancing the machining behaviour. The thermophysical properties of the nanofluid are investigated and the optimum fluid is utilised to study their effect toward the machinability. The hybrid lubricant was prepared at a concentration of 0.1, 0.5, and 0.9 volume % adopting a two-step method of preparation. The stability of the nanofluid is obtained thru visual observation and UV-Vis method. The viscosity of the prepared sample was determined using rheometer. Whereas, thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity) of the fluid was determined using a KD2 pro machine. Meanwhile, the performance of the nanofluid was measured by studying the surface roughness and tool wear during machining using the prepared fluid. The surface roughness was measured using profilometer and tool wear using an optical measuring device. Results indicated a significant enhancement in tribological and thermal properties of the developed hybrid lubricant. The thermal conductivity value for the hybrid coolant was 0.55 W/m,℃ however for the MWF it was 0.44 W/m,℃. There was an enhancement of 20-25 % compared to MWF coolant. In addition, reduction in friction coefficient and wear was observed with increasing the concentration of the nanoparticle. The performance of the developed hybrid lubricant was evaluated by minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in the turning of mild steel. Furthermore, regression models were prepared to evaluate the deviations in assess the wear in tool flank and surface roughness in terms of feed, cutting speed, depth of the cut, and effect of nanoparticle concentration by response surface methodology. The obtained results from thermal conductivity indicated that the developed hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3/CNC) has greater value in comparison to single CNC. This is due to the fact that Al2O3 possess an excellent thermal property which has further improved when mixed with two nanoparticles, leading to significant enhancements in thermo-physical properties of the developed hybrid nanolubricant. Surface Roughness achieved 24 % reduction when in use of the hybrid Nano lubricant. Significant enhancement was observed in longer tool length of cut of 39 % by utilisation of the prepared hybrid nanolubricant in comparison to MWF. In accordance to ISO 3865:1977, the wear standards for turning by utilisation of MWF achieved a maximum total length of cut of 452 mm, while this value for the Al2O3/CNC based nanofluid was 678 mm. In addition, significant enhancement of 33.33 % was obtained in the tool life by utilisation of the developed hybrid nanofluid in comparison to MWF.
THE0005245(Local)
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering--Dissertations
Universities and colleges--Disertations
Theses
Nanocellulose-alumina based hybrid nanocoolant for mild steel machining / Jeevendran Kananathan - xv, 127 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Thesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2018
Includes bibliographical references
Nanofluid has been subject of interest in thermal related applications due to their superior thermophysical properties. Cutting fluid plays a vital role by cooling the surface of the workpiece and the cutting tool. It also removes the chips from the cutting zone by lubricating the tool-workpiece interface. However, overheating that occurs at the cutting tool leads to a reduction of its sharpness and tool life. This would result in the inferior surface finish of the product, higher tool fatigue and higher utilisation of power. It is essential to control the heat created amid the process of the machining while the cutting liquid is present. A novel hybrid lubricant was developed by mixing alumina nanoparticles with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) into Ethylene Glycol-Water (cutting fluid) at a mixing ratio of 60:40. The present research attempts to study the viability of hybrid nanofluid (CNC-Al2O3-EG-Water) in enhancing the machining behaviour. The thermophysical properties of the nanofluid are investigated and the optimum fluid is utilised to study their effect toward the machinability. The hybrid lubricant was prepared at a concentration of 0.1, 0.5, and 0.9 volume % adopting a two-step method of preparation. The stability of the nanofluid is obtained thru visual observation and UV-Vis method. The viscosity of the prepared sample was determined using rheometer. Whereas, thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity) of the fluid was determined using a KD2 pro machine. Meanwhile, the performance of the nanofluid was measured by studying the surface roughness and tool wear during machining using the prepared fluid. The surface roughness was measured using profilometer and tool wear using an optical measuring device. Results indicated a significant enhancement in tribological and thermal properties of the developed hybrid lubricant. The thermal conductivity value for the hybrid coolant was 0.55 W/m,℃ however for the MWF it was 0.44 W/m,℃. There was an enhancement of 20-25 % compared to MWF coolant. In addition, reduction in friction coefficient and wear was observed with increasing the concentration of the nanoparticle. The performance of the developed hybrid lubricant was evaluated by minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in the turning of mild steel. Furthermore, regression models were prepared to evaluate the deviations in assess the wear in tool flank and surface roughness in terms of feed, cutting speed, depth of the cut, and effect of nanoparticle concentration by response surface methodology. The obtained results from thermal conductivity indicated that the developed hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3/CNC) has greater value in comparison to single CNC. This is due to the fact that Al2O3 possess an excellent thermal property which has further improved when mixed with two nanoparticles, leading to significant enhancements in thermo-physical properties of the developed hybrid nanolubricant. Surface Roughness achieved 24 % reduction when in use of the hybrid Nano lubricant. Significant enhancement was observed in longer tool length of cut of 39 % by utilisation of the prepared hybrid nanolubricant in comparison to MWF. In accordance to ISO 3865:1977, the wear standards for turning by utilisation of MWF achieved a maximum total length of cut of 452 mm, while this value for the Al2O3/CNC based nanofluid was 678 mm. In addition, significant enhancement of 33.33 % was obtained in the tool life by utilisation of the developed hybrid nanofluid in comparison to MWF.
THE0005245(Local)
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering--Dissertations
Universities and colleges--Disertations
Theses