MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03853ntm a2200337 i 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
MY-KuUP |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251125110858.0 |
| 006 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--ADDITIONAL MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS |
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| fixed length control field |
t||||fr|||| 000 0 |
| 007 - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION FIXED FIELD--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
ta |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
240528t20242024my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0009856 (Local) |
| Qualifying information |
Hardback |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMPSA |
| Language of cataloging |
eng |
| Transcribing agency |
UMP |
| Description conventions |
rda |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
FTKA .I37 2024 r Thesis |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Ieszaliana Binti Ali, |
| Relator term |
author. |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Strength of soft clay reinforced with crushed coconut shell columns / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Ieszaliana Binti Ali |
| 264 #1 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
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| Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
UMPSA, |
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
2024 |
| 264 #4 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
|---|
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
©2024 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
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| Extent |
xiv ,168 pages : |
| Other physical details |
illustrations (some color) ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1-CD ROM |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
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| Source |
rdacontent |
| Content type term |
text |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
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| Source |
rdamedia |
| Media type term |
unmediated |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
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| Source |
rdacarrier |
| Carrier type term |
volume |
| 347 ## - DIGITAL FILE CHARACTERISTICS |
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| Source |
rda |
| File type |
text file |
| Encoding format |
PDF |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Thesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2024 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Include bibliographical reference |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Stone columns could be used as a ground improvement technique by replacing a portion of soft soil with granular material such as stone or sand. The benefits of using stone columns in lowstrength soil have been proven to be an efficient method in improving the bearing capacity and reducing the settlement of soft soils. This research used the laboratory scale model to investigate the role of crushed coconut shell columns in enhancing the shear strength of the soft reconstituted kaolin clay. The shear strength characteristics can be obtained by determining the effect of area replacement ratio, height penetration ratio, and volume replacement on crushed coconut shell columns. Reinforced kaolin samples were tested with an Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) and an Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Test (UU). The specimens used were 50 mm in diameter with a height of 100 mm and weights 312.4 g. The research variables were height penetration ratios of 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 with crushed coconut shell columns with diameters of 10 mm, 12 mm, and 16 mm. The kaolin sample without reinforcement of crushed coconut shell columns was the controlled sample. The highest improvement of shear strength of crushed coconut shell columns on area replacement ratio of 4.00% at 10 mm diameter columns was at 0.8 height penetration ratio with 73.42%, whilst for area replacement ratio of 5.76% at 12 mm diameter columns, the highest was also at 0.8 height penetration ratio with 66.82%. Meanwhile, the highest improvement of shear strength of the crushed coconut shell column for the area replacement ratio of 10.24% at 16 mm diameter columns was at 0.8 height penetration ratio with 22.32%. The maximum shear strength improvement was at 0.8 height penetration ratio for all crushed coconut shell columns. The Unconsolidated Undrained (UU) test showed a significant improvement in cohesion, c, which was recorded to be from 22.3% to 66.23%. Meanwhile, the friction angle, ϕ, increased from 0% to 50.15%. The UU test results were almost identical to the UCT results, where the highest improvement occurred at 0.8 penetration height ratio for a 10 mm diameter column. The correlation obtained the coefficient value of determination ranging from 0.8 to 1. The very strong correlation between area replacement ratios against shear strength proved that the most controlling parameter the in the shear strength of soft clay is area replacement ratio. In conclusion, crushed coconut shell columns positively increase the shear strength and can be implemented to reduce dependence on natural materials, maximize the potential for renewable materials, and minimize waste. |
| 610 20 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
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| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Universities and colleges |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Theses |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
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| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
Library of Congress Classification |
| Koha item type |
Thesis |