MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03437ntm a2200349 i 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
MY-KuUP |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20260708180412.0 |
| 006 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--ADDITIONAL MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS |
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| fixed length control field |
t|||||r|||| 000 0 |
| 007 - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION FIXED FIELD--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
ta |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
260708t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0010682 (Local) |
| Qualifying information |
Hardback |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMPSA |
| Language of cataloging |
eng |
| Transcribing agency |
UMPSA |
| Description conventions |
rda |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
FTKKP .H58 2025 r Bc. |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Hivasheni A/P Sellathurai, , |
| Relator term |
author. |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Extraction of refined carrageenan from seaweed / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Hivasheni A/P Sellathurai |
| 264 #1 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
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| Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
UMPSA, |
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
2025 |
| 264 #4 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
|---|
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
© 2025 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
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| Extent |
xix, 65 pages : |
| Other physical details |
illustrations ; |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
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| Source |
rdacontent |
| Content type term |
text |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
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| Source |
rdamedia |
| Media type term |
unmediated |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
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| Source |
rdacarrier |
| Carrier type term |
volume |
| 347 ## - DIGITAL FILE CHARACTERISTICS |
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| Source |
rda |
| File type |
text file |
| Encoding format |
PDF |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Include bibliographical reference |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Seaweed is an ecofriendly resource rich in valuable components such as polysaccharides. with carrageenan being one of the most significant. This research investigates the extraction and characterization of refined carrageenan from Kappaphycus seaweed using the bead mill method. The motivation for this study arises from the abundance of seaweed resources and the higher market value of refined carrageenan compared to semi-refined carrageenan. Various extraction methods exist, but most are associated with drawbacks, such as high solvent usage and limited scalability. Therefore, this study examines the effect of the extraction process including time, temperature, and the drying duration to obtain optimum refined carrageenan and to characterize physicochemical properties and the efficacy of refined carrageenan using the bead mill method. The process began with seaweed pretreatment, followed by bead mill extraction using a one-factor-at-a-time approach. Extraction temperatures ranged from 30°C to 70°C with a fixed time of 50 minutes and drying durations from 24 to 48 hours. Then, the filtrate underwent filtration and precipitation process and lastly drying. The results revealed that the optimal extraction conditions were 70°C, 80 minutes, and a drying time of 24 hours, producing carrageenan with the highest viscosity (162.2 cP) and purity (64.92%). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of kappa carrageenan functional groups, while thermal gravimetric analysis demonstrated improved thermal stability. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed enhanced surface morphology with a particle size of 25.22 μm at a drying time of 48 hours. In conclusion, the bead mill method outperformed conventional methods in quality, efficiency, and sustainability, establishing itself as a viable and eco-friendly approach for industrial refined carrageenan production. However, further investigation of the physicochemical properties of refined carrageenan under varying drying durations is recommended to optimize the extraction process further. Keywords: Carrageenan; Bead mill method; Purity; Physicochemical Properties; Efficiency |
| 610 20 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
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| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Universities and colleges |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Theses |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier |
https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47492 |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
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| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
Library of Congress Classification |
| Koha item type |
Final Year Report |