MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03123ntm a2200349 i 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
MY-KuUP |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20260724110115.0 |
| 006 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--ADDITIONAL MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS |
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| fixed length control field |
t|||||r|||| 000 0 |
| 007 - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION FIXED FIELD--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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ta |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
260724t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0010751 (Local) |
| Qualifying information |
Hardback |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMPSA |
| Language of cataloging |
eng |
| Transcribing agency |
UMPSA |
| Description conventions |
rda |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
FTKKP .A44 2025 r Bc. |
| 100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Nuraleeya Farena Binti Abdullah, , , |
| Relator term |
author. |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Characterization of pineapple peel extract incorporating liquid SOAP with citric ACID and its antioxidant and antibacterial properties / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Nuraleeya Farena Binti Abdullah |
| 264 #1 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
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| Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
UMPSA, |
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
2025 |
| 264 #4 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
|---|
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
© 2025 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
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| Extent |
xi, 38 pages : |
| Other physical details |
illustrations ; |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
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| Source |
rdacontent |
| Content type term |
text |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
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| Source |
rdamedia |
| Media type term |
unmediated |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
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| Source |
rdacarrier |
| Carrier type term |
volume |
| 347 ## - DIGITAL FILE CHARACTERISTICS |
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| Source |
rda |
| File type |
text file |
| Encoding format |
PDF |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Final Year Report (Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering Technology (Pharmaceuticals) with Hons ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Include bibliographical reference |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Pineapple peels, which are often discarded as waste, contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antibacterial properties, offering significant potential for eco-friendly household cleaning products. Therefore, this study aimed to extract and characterize pineapple peel compounds, evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial properties, and formulate a natural liquid soap with citric acid to enhance cleaning efficacy. The methodology began with drying and grinding pineapple peels. This was followed by extracting bioactive compounds with water and characterizing them using FTIR and chemical properties tests which are total phenolic content (TPC) and saponin test. The results revealed the presence of functional groups in pineapple peel extract, as identified by FTIR at 3330.81 cm⁻¹ (hydroxyl group), 2123.37 cm⁻¹ (alkyne group), and 1638.13 cm⁻¹ (carbonyl group). TPC was determined to be 9.22 × 10⁻⁵ GAE per gram of dry extract, while the saponin test yielded positive results, indicating its potential for foam formation. Additionally, the formulated soap exhibited weak antioxidant activity, as evidenced by minimal discoloration during the methylene blue test. Furthermore, by using agar disk diffusion techniques, the soap demonstrated enhanced antibacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus when citric acid was incorporated, with inhibition zones of 1.2 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. Lastly, the soap’s pH was optimized to 8.975, making it suitable for household cleaning. In conclusion, this study highlights the feasibility of repurposing pineapple waste into sustainable cleaning products, thereby addressing waste reduction and promoting eco-friendly practices. |
| 610 20 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
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| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Universities and colleges |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Theses |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier |
https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47658 |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
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| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
Library of Congress Classification |
| Koha item type |
Final Year Report |