MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
02361nam a2200277 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000045188 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251114204433.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
100224t2009 my a f m 000 0 engd |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004632(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
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| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905141609 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
azhar |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201107132353 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
VLOAD |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201010221337 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
ida |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201002241641 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
ida |
| -- |
201002241255 |
| -- |
ida |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP359.B46 I49 2009 rs Bc. |
| 100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
M. Ilyas Zubir |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Esterification of oleic acid with ethanol using tungstated zirconia : |
| Remainder of title |
kinetic and modelling study/ |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
M. Ilyas Zubir |
| 246 3# - VARYING FORM OF TITLE |
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| Title proper/short title |
Esterification of oleic acid with ethanol using tungstated zirconia : |
| Remainder of title |
kinetic and modelling study |
| Medium |
[electronic resource] |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2009 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xvi, 64 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. (some col.) ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 computer disc |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2009 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Bibiliography : p. 46-48 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
The esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) mostly found in vegetable oils with ethanol using solid acid catalyst is one of promising method to convert FFA into Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester (FAEE) that is an alternative to replace fossil fuel as energy source mostly in transportation sector. The present study aimed to determine the optimum or best operating condition for the production of FAEE by esterification of oleic acid and ethanol with tungstated zirconia used as solid acid catalyst. Tungstated zirconia used must be activated at 800°C for it functions at the best state by providing most active site for the reaction occur besides providing alternative route that lower than activation energy for reaction to occur. Kinetic model has been developed after the optimum operating condition is determined. From the scope of study, the optimum operating condition of oleic acid esterification can be achieved at 50°C, 1.5 g tungstated zirconia solid catalyst and 5:1 ethanol to oleic acid molar ratio that brings 24.24% oleic acid conversion. Kinetic model used is pseudohomogeneous and from the model, activation energy for esterification which is 9.72 kJ/mol can be determined. |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Biodiesel fuels |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Triglyceride |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Esterification |