MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
02863nam a2200253 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000031335 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251114204511.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
080829t2008 my a f m 000 0 eng|d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004621(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
|---|
| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905170950 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
azhar |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201204161107 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
ida |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201112291652 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
ida |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201112291646 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
ida |
| -- |
200808291619 |
| -- |
ida84 |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP359.B46 G43 2008 rs Thesis |
| 100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Mohd Ghadafi Ismail |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil via single steps transesterification process with the aid of sodium methoxide as a catalyst / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Mohd Ghadafi Ismail |
| 246 3# - VARYING FORM OF TITLE |
|---|
| Title proper/short title |
Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil via single steps transesterification process with the aid of sodium methoxide as a catalyst |
| Medium |
[electronic resource] |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2008 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
72 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. (some col.) ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD-ROM |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2008 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Biodiesel popularly known as an alternative diesel fuel in developed countries mainly for transportation and agriculture industry. Now days, biodiesel became more important due to insufficient of petroleum fuel and the needs of environmental friendly energy sources. The high price of crude petroleum oil to has made biodiesel become more favorable in the market. Due to the high cost of raw material, waste cooking oil use as raw material instead of conventional method using vegetable oil. However, waste cooking oil contain high amount of free fatty acid and thus, single steps transesterification process with the aid of homogeneous catalyst were implemented in this experiment with sodium methoxide is use as homogeneous catalyst. Methanol was chosen as alcohol solvent because its price is more cheaper compare to others type of alcohol. In the transesterification process, the triglycerides will react with a methanol to form esters and a by product glycerol. In this experiment, Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to studies the effect of two variables which are reaction time (varied from 30 minutes to 90 minutes) and catalyst concentrations (0.5 wt.% to1.0 wt%). The oil to methanol ratio was fixed at 1:6 and temperature was fixed at 65oC. The sample of each experiment was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the yield of biodiesel was recorded. The optimal reaction condition to achieve highest methyl ester content was at reaction time 70.15 minutes and catalyst concerntration was at 1.50wt.% while the optimal reaction condition to achieve highest biodiesel yield was at reaction time 64.66 minutes with the catalyst concerntration of 0.92wt.%. -Author |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Biodiesel fuels |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Catalysts |