MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
02224nam a2200265 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
|---|
| control field |
vtls000066772 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
|---|
| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
|---|
| control field |
20251114204529.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
121122t2012 my a f m 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
|---|
| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004657(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
|---|
| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905141155 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
azhar |
| -- |
201211221043 |
| -- |
ida |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
|---|
| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
|---|
| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP359.B46 N67 2012 rs Bc. |
| 100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Che Norrizuan Che Abdul Rahim |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Esterification of oleic acid with ethanol catalysed by 12-tungstophosphoric acid supported on alumina / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Che Norrizuan Che Abdul Rahim |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2012 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xv, 90 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD-ROM |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
|---|
| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2012 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
|---|
| Bibliography, etc. note |
Bibliography : p. 41-42 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc. |
Ester of organic acids and alcohols form an industrially important class of substances. They are mainly produced as components of esterification reactions. Esterification as well as transesterification reactions has been largely applied to the production of biodiesel, which may be defined as alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable resources such as biomass. This work presents an impregnation route to support 12-Tungstophosporic Acid (H3PW) on Alumina (Al2O3) in acidic aqueous solution (HCl 0.1 mol/L) at different ratios (5, 10, 15, 25, 40 and 60 wt%). The catalyst were further applied in the esterification of oleic acid with ethanol. The samples calcined at 200°C for 4 h were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosocy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The effect of the most relevant variables of the process such as ratio of catalyst (H3PW/Al2O3) and reaction temperature was investigated in the present study. An optimum reaction performance , 80% of oleic acid conversion was achieved at 25 wt% catalyst loading, 60°C, 4 h reaction and 1:6 (oleic acid:ethanol) molar ratio. Studies show that the catalyst is feasible to be used for biodiesel production |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Biodiesel fuels |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Catalyst |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Esterification |