MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03262ntm a2200265 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000084670 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251117113246.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
141224t2014 my a f m 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004439(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
|---|
| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905161535 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
rohana |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201712051552 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
huda |
| -- |
201412241146 |
| -- |
fawwaz |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP248.25.M58 A45 2014 r Bc. |
| 100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Nur Amirah Mohammad Ammar |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Study of chemical oxygen demand and oil-grease reduction for spent caustic from kerosene treating unit in petroleum industry wastewater treatment plant / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Nur Amirah Mohammad Ammar |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2014 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xv, 56 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD-ROM |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2014 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Bibliography : p. 43-46 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Spent caustic or used caustic soda is generated from the scrubbing process in the petroleum refinery industry. Treatment is needed for spent caustic because it typically has high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and oil-grease (OG) concentration that exceeded the limit of Department of Environment (DOE) regulations. In this study, the spent caustic were tested for its COD concentration by using a spectrophotometer and its OG concentration by using Standard 5520B, liquid-liquid, partition-gravimetric method. Then, the spent caustic was treated by using coagulation and flocculation method with aluminium sulphate as primary coagulant and activated carbon and soda ash as a coagulant aid. The optimum concentration of primary coagulant and coagulant aids was determined from Jar Test. The treated spent caustic was tested for its COD and OG concentration to determine the percentage of reduction of COD and OG concentration. It is found out that the COD concentration for untreated sent caustic is at a range of 12880-23800 mg/L and OG concentration at a range of 2285-6257mg/L. From this study, the optimum concentration of primary coagulant and coagulant aids are 200 mg/L of alum and 15 mg/L of both coagulant aids, which is activated carbon and soda ash that was able to reduce 58.15% of COD and 66.21% of OG concentration in spent caustic wastewater. The usage of coagulant aid reduced the amount of alum needed and increases the coagulation and flocculation efficiency. However, the treated spent caustic still does not meet the DOE requirement for Standard B, which are 10 mg/L for OG concentration and 100 mg/L for COD concentration. Therefore, coagulation and flocculation method alone are not effective in reducing the high COD and OG concentration in spent caustic, to meet with the DOE requirement. A pre-treatment or secondary treatment should be carried out along with coagulation and flocculation treatment method. The information obtained from this study is useful for scale up purpose in the petroleum refining industry that choose coagulation and flocculation method to treat spent caustic wastewater |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Anaerobic bacteria |
| 856 40 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier |
<a href="http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/18372/">http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/18372/</a> |
| Public note |
Access in library only |