MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03479ntm a2200277 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000084703 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251117113252.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
141224t2014 my a f m 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004604(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
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| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905171026 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
azhar |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201711301533 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
huda |
| -- |
201412241558 |
| -- |
fawwaz |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP359.B46 C46 2014 r Bc. |
| 100 3# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Chong, Ee Rong |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Characterization of the ethanol-triglyceride transesterification reaction under counter current flow system / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Chong Ee Rong |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
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| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2014 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
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| Extent |
xii, 35 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD-ROM |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2014 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Bibliography : p. 33-35 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Biodiesel is a mono-alkyl ester of vegetable oil, animal fat and recycled cooking oil. It has been recognized worldwide as an alternative source to replace the known petroleum reserves that are limited and eventually run out as to many aspects to be concerned like environmental and sustainability issues. It is commonly prepared by transesterification of triglycerides or the esterification of free fatty acid with methanol or ethanol by stirring and accelerated by the presence of base or acidic catalyst. In this study, palm oil transesterification reaction with ethanol will be conducted with a set of cooking oilabsolute ethanol ratios under the counter current flow system by using the extractive reactor column so that the data obtained can be used to investigate the behaviour of the reacting fluid that flows counter currently with the reactant so lvent. Different composition of the cooking oil and absolute ethanol were mixed and observed using viscometer under different RPM. Torque, viscosity, shear strength and shear stress were observed, recorded and plotted in figure 3, figure 4, figure 5 and figure 6. The torque was decreasing when the ratio of the cooking was decreasing. For RPM 50, torque of ratio (cooking oil:absolute ethanol) 8:1 was 8.3% decreasing to 0.2% when the ratio was (cooking oil:absolute ethanol) 1:8. The viscosity was decreasing when the ratio of cooking oil decreasing as well. For RPM 50, viscosity of ratio (cooking oil:absolute ethanol) 8:1 was 50.4 mPaS decreasing to 1.8 mPas when the ratio was (cooking oil:absolute ethanol) 1:8. The shear strength was decreasing as well when the ratio of cooking was decreasing. For RPM 50, shear strength of ratio (cooking oil:absolute ethanol) 8:1 was 0.85 N/m² decreasing to 0.02 N/m² when the ratio was (cooking oil:absolute ethanol) 1:8. However, the shear rate of each ratio of reactant mixture had no changes when the ratio was changing. Unfortunately, the extractive reactor column had some problems when the experiment was carried out. No data can be obtained from the experiment. From the observation, few phenomena can be seen through the photos. The white colour fatty acid that was formed after 1 day. Besides, figure 9 shown that the corroded flow meter by absolute ethanol which contained KOH. In figure 10, the broken flow meter which affect the research hardly to continue |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Triglyceride |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Esterification |
| 856 40 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier |
<a href="http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/18291/">http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/18291/</a> |
| Public note |
Access in library only |