MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03812ntm a2200277 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000091283 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251117113302.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
150922t2015 my a f m 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004561(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
|---|
| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905141115 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
azhar |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201711281343 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
saini |
| -- |
201509221302 |
| -- |
huda |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
|---|
| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP339 .T44 2015 r Bc. |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Teh, Kwo Wei |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Study on the valorization of rice waste by using torrefaction method / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Teh Kwo Wei |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2015 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xv, 55 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. (some col.) ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD ROM |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
|---|
| General note |
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2015 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
|---|
| Bibliography, etc. note |
Bibliography : p. 47-50 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Biomass plays a crucial role as the source of renewable carbon which can be utilised in the production of biofuels to bring about the desired fossil energy independence in the future. However, the raw biomass itself has some undesirable properties such as high moisture content, low energy density and deterioration after a short duration of storing period. Hence, a thermochemical process, commonly known as the torrefaction technology or mild pyrolysis is normally used to preliminary treat the biomass to enhance its physical properties. Torrefaction process is also acknowledged as a valorisation process of biomass. By means of this technology, it not only helps to increase the calorific value of the biomass but also eases the process of storage, transportation, and usage of biomass. In terms of abundance, rice waste is one of the vital biomass contributors in Asia. Rice is the primary calorific source for mankind and its significance is comparable to maize, sorghum, wheat, barley and the other major crop grasses from the family Poaceae (Gramineae). In Malaysia, an enormous amount of biomass is generated annually after the harvesting of rice. As for this study, the objective is to investigate the effect of torrefaction on the physical characteristics of the rice waste at different temperature. The torrefaction is carried out at 220°C, 250°C and 280°C with the heating rate of 15°C/min and residence time of 30min. Generally, moisture content, calorific value characterization as well as constituents’ degradation under different temperatures will be inspected on both the raw and torrefied biomass to reveal the effect of torrefaction on the biomass. The preliminary results show that the moisture content of rice husk is 6.53wt% while rice straw is 8.31wt%. The slight deviation from the literature source is deemed to be reasonable due to different pre-drying period. Next, from the experimental results, it is noticeable that torrefaction increases the calorific value of the biomass by 3-17% for rice husk and 4-20% for rice straw. At the same time, it also removed all the moisture content in the rice biomass. The mass yield of the torrefied rice-based biomass is between 78.98-91.20% for rice husk and 82.28-89.85% for rice straw. Meanwhile, the energy yield for rice husk is in the range of 92.51-95.41% and 93.77-98.83% for rice straw after torrefaction. Diagnosis on the physical characteristics of the torrefied biomass is accomplished through Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. In conclusion, the aim of this study is achieved by proving that 250°C is the optimum torrefaction temperature for the conversion of rice waste into valuable biofuels. |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Biomass energy |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Biomass chemicals |
| 856 40 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
|---|
| Uniform Resource Identifier |
<a href="http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/9501">http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/9501</a> |
| Public note |
Access in library only |