MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
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| fixed length control field |
03018ntm a2200277 a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000091164 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251117113302.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| fixed length control field |
150907t2015 my dao f m 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE0004681(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
|---|
| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905131334 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
smfh |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201711281514 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
saini |
| -- |
201509071301 |
| -- |
huda |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
TP359.B46 T46 2015 r Bc. |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Teo, Yu Xun |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Devolatilization studies of oil palm plantation residues via torrefaction process / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Teo Yu Xun |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
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| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
UMP, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2015 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xvi, 73 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. (some col.) ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD-ROM |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2015 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Bibliography : p. 56-62 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Biomass represents a type of renewable energy source that will play a substantial role in the future global energy balance in terms of energy security and carbon-neutral fuel. However, raw lignocellulosic biomass presents several undesired properties such as low energy density, hygroscopic nature, and low bulk density that do not permit its direct exploitation. Torrefaction, an emerging thermal pretreatment process, is acknowledged to improve the fuel properties of raw biomass towards an efficient renewable energy supply. This paper investigates the fuel characteristics of OPF and OPT at temperatures: 200˚C, 250˚C, and 300˚C at a constant heating rate of 10˚C/min and 30 min residence time. The torrefied products were characterized in terms of their moisture content, calorific value, mass an energy yield. Prediction of calorific value based on the colour of torrefied biomass was also presented here. Bomb calorimeter was used to measure the calorific value in order to calculate mass and energy yield for analysis. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Derivative Thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis were performed to investigate the changes of lignocellulosic physicochemical properties of the studied materials. As a result, both OPF and OPT with calorific value of 16.41 MJ/kg and 17.41 MJ/kg were improved to 22.46 MJ/kg and 25.48 MJ/kg respectively after torrefaction at 300˚C. The mass yield for both samples decrease at elevated torrefaction temperature while retaining their energy yield between 90-100%. The degradation behaviours of lignocellulosic components: hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were discussed through FTIR, TGA, and DTG analysis. Meanwhile, the improved hydrophobic characteristic was also justified. This work concludes that OPF and OPT made a good biomass for torrefaction purpose which can be upgraded to universal energy commodity. |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Oil palm |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Biomass |
| 856 40 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
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| Uniform Resource Identifier |
<a href="http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25842">http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25842</a> |
| Public note |
Access in library only |