MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
03372ntm a2200373 i 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
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| control field |
vtls000102821 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
|---|
| control field |
KUKTEM |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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| control field |
20251117113345.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
180122s2017 my a f am 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
|---|
| International Standard Book Number |
THE0001036(Local) |
| 039 #9 - LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND CODING DETAIL [OBSOLETE] |
|---|
| Level of rules in bibliographic description |
201905240958 |
| Level of effort used to assign nonsubject heading access points |
nazirah |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201802201216 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
saini |
| Level of effort used to assign subject headings |
201801221130 |
| Level of effort used to assign classification |
saini |
| -- |
201801221121 |
| -- |
saini |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
|---|
| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| Language of cataloging |
eng |
| Transcribing agency |
UMP |
| Description conventions |
rda |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
|---|
| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
FKKSA .T467 2017 r Bc. |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Thor, Kait Wei, |
| Relator term |
author. |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Physicochemical properties changes on palm oil waste torrefaction : |
| Remainder of title |
effect of temperature and residence time / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Thor Kait Wei |
| 264 #1 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
|---|
| Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Kuantan, Pahang : |
| Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
UMP, |
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
2017 |
| 264 #4 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
|---|
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
© 2017 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xiv, 62 pages : |
| Other physical details |
illustrations (some color) ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm. + |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD-ROM |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
|---|
| Content type term |
text |
| Source |
rdacontent |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
|---|
| Content type term |
text |
| Source |
rdacontent |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
|---|
| Media type term |
unmediated |
| Source |
rdamedia |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
|---|
| Media type term |
computer |
| Source |
rdamedia |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
|---|
| Carrier type term |
volume |
| Source |
rdacarrier |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
|---|
| Carrier type term |
computer dics |
| Source |
rdacarrier |
| 347 ## - DIGITAL FILE CHARACTERISTICS |
|---|
| File type |
text file |
| Encoding format |
PDF |
| Source |
rda |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
|---|
| General note |
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
|---|
| Dissertation note |
Project Paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2017 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
|---|
| Bibliography, etc. note |
Includes bibliographical references |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc. |
As a second largest palm oil exporter, utilization of palm oil biomass in Malaysia as the main renewable energy source is encouraged. To make the palm oil biomass more competitive with conventional energy source like coal, torrefaction pre-treatment was applied on the palm oil wastes which were palm kernel shell (PKS) and palm mesocrap fiber (PMF). The palm oil biomass were torrefied in a torrefaction reactor at different final temperatures of 240 °C, 270 °C, 300 °C, and 330 °C with different residence time of 30 min and 60 min in an inert condition. The change of the properties of the torrefied biomass include physical appearance, morphology structure, CHNS mass fraction, higher heating value (HHV), proximate analysis, and mass and energy yield. The physical appearance of torrefied biomass showed darken colour with higher torrefaction temperature. In term of morphological structure, SEM image revealed that severe torrefaction had more severe impact on the surface structure of PKS and PMF. Besides that, this study also reported that carbon mass fraction and higher heating value (HHV) increase with the increase of torrefaction temperature, but H/C ratio decreases for all torrefied biomass. Among the torrefied products, PKS had the highest carbon mass fraction of 59.9% and PMF had the highest HHV of 22.91 MJ kg-1. In terms of energy yield, PMF produced 90 – 95% yield and PKS produced 78 – 96% yield when torrefied from 240 °C to 330 °C for 30 min. In addition, the non-condensable gases released during torrefaction reaction include CH4, CO and CO2. This study concluded that the biomass had a lot of improvement such as improve in the grindability, higher energy density torrefied products, reduce moisture content and released volatile gases that can used as energy sources through torrefaction treatment. |
| 610 20 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
|---|
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Universities and Colleges |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Theses |