MARC details
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04602ntm a2200373 i 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
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MY-KuUP |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
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20251125110151.0 |
| 006 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--ADDITIONAL MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS |
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t||||fr|||| 000 0 |
| 007 - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION FIXED FIELD--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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ta |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
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221201t20222022my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
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| International Standard Book Number |
THE00009403 (Local) |
| Qualifying information |
Hardback |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
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| Original cataloging agency |
UMP |
| Language of cataloging |
eng |
| Transcribing agency |
UMP |
| Description conventions |
rda |
| 090 ## - LOCALLY ASSIGNED LC-TYPE CALL NUMBER (OCLC); LOCAL CALL NUMBER (RLIN) |
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| Classification number (OCLC) (R) ; Classification number, CALL (RLIN) (NR) |
KK .Y46 2022 r Thesis |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
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| Personal name |
Ling, Yeong Yi |
| Relator term |
author. |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Effect of auxiliary energy on polyphenols extraction from senna alata (L.) ROXB / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Yeong Yi Ling |
| 264 #1 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
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| Place of production, publication, distribution, manufacture |
Pahang : |
| Name of producer, publisher, distributor, manufacturer |
UMP, |
| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
2022 |
| 264 #4 - PRODUCTION, PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, MANUFACTURE, AND COPYRIGHT NOTICE |
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| Date of production, publication, distribution, manufacture, or copyright notice |
© 2022 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
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| Extent |
xxiii, 232 pages: |
| Other physical details |
Illustration ; |
| Dimensions |
30 cm.+ |
| Accompanying material |
1 CD ROM |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
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| Content type term |
text |
| Source |
rdacontent |
| 336 ## - CONTENT TYPE |
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| Content type term |
text |
| Source |
rdacontent |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
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| Media type term |
unmediated |
| Source |
rdamedia |
| 337 ## - MEDIA TYPE |
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| Media type term |
computer |
| Source |
rdamedia |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
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| Carrier type term |
volume |
| Source |
rdacarrier |
| 338 ## - CARRIER TYPE |
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| Carrier type term |
computer disc |
| Source |
rdacarrier |
| 347 ## - DIGITAL FILE CHARACTERISTICS |
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| File type |
text file |
| Encoding format |
PDF |
| Source |
rda |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
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| General note |
College of Engineering |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE |
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| Dissertation note |
Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2022 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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| Bibliography, etc. note |
Includes bibliographical reference |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
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| Summary, etc. |
Senna alata (L.) Roxb is a herbal that contains many medically useful polyphenols such as flavonoids and anthraquinones (i.e. kaempferol 3-gentiobioside (K3G), kaempferol ( KA), aloe emodin (AE), rhein (RH) and emodin (EM)). These polyphenols perform various functions such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic and act as laxative. The active components must be extracted before it can be routinely used for phytomedicinal purpose. Besides that, there is no previous work on polyphenols extraction from S. alata using microwave assisted extraction (MAE). The effect of the auxiliary energy on the polyphenols from S. alata with maceration (ME), ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) and MAE using principal component analysis (PCA) was rarely compared. Moreover, degradation kinetic parameters of active components and thermally-induced synthesized compound from heat treatment in S. alata leaves have not been discovered so far. Hence, this study aims to close the aforementioned knowledge gap. In this research, UAE and MAE were studied to compare with a reference method, conventional ME. Apart from that, the microstructure of S. alata leaves were treated by ME, UAE and MAE and examined using a scanning electron microscope. Other than that, PCA was performed on MS data using UPLC-QTOF-MS. PCA was conducted to study the effect of auxiliary energies on polyphenols extraction using different extraction methods. Besides that, thermal stability of polyphenols is crucial for the formulation of new food products and food processes such as boiling, hot air drying and frying. The reaction order is determined to estimate the activation energy and kinetic parameters such as degradation rate and half-life of active component degradation during heat treatment. The degradation products from thermal processing of polyphenols were identified using UPLC-PDA and UPLC-QTOF-MS. It was found that the extraction yield of active components using MAE was about 18.73 % to 84.12 % significantly higher than ME. Besides that, MAE is 60x faster compared to ME. Apart from that, the optimum processing conditions of microwave-assisted simultaneous extraction of major active components (K3G, KA and AE) are 90.5% ethanol and microwave power of 18.6 W/mL using CCD with a desirability of 0.82. MAE has the highest extraction rate, which used 10 W/mL of auxiliary energy compared to UAE (0.8 W/mL) and ME (0.05 W/mL). The glandular trichomes were ruptured and decreased by 98.6 % compared to freshly dried leaf after treated by MAE. In PCA, a clear discrimination of cluster among the three extraction methods was shown in score plot. There are 14 major active components contributed to the difference of cluster. Apart from that, high auxiliary energy (MAE) caused degradation of thermolabile components and synthesis of by-products. Degradation of other active components will lead to the formation of AE and RH in MAE. The results showed degradation of K3G, KA and synthesis of AE and RH in S. alata followed the zero-order kinetics model with R2 > 0.9881. KA showed the highest degradation rate constant at 180 °C, indicating a most thermolabile compound while K3G is the most stable compound with the lowest degradation constant at 180 °C in S. alata. In this work, AE, RH, AS and DA are thermally-induced synthesized from other active components in S. alata. |
| 610 20 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME |
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| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element |
College of Engineering |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Universities and colleges |
| General subdivision |
Dissertations |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
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| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Thesis |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
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| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
Library of Congress Classification |
| Koha item type |
Restricted Collection |