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Ultrasonic assisted solvent extraction for oil recovery from oily sludge / Mohammed Abdulqawi Ahmed Mohammed

By:

Mohammed Abdulqawi Ahmed Mohammed [author.]

Material type: Text

text

Media type:

unmediated

Carrier type:

volume

ISBN:

THE0009970 (Local)

Subject(s):

Dissertation note: Thesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2024 Abstract: Oily sludge is a hazardous waste product produced from the exploration, production, transportation and refining process of crude oil. Considering oily sludge containing relatively high amount of oil, oil recovery would be the most desirable approach for its treatment. Solvent extraction is a common method used in extracting oil from oily sludge. The technique depends on various parameters including types of solvent, solvent to sludge ratio, mixing time and temperature. However, with this single chemical treatment, the separation process is less effective. Ultrasound wave fields are utilized in cleaning procedures and aiding chemical reactions to accelerate cleaning and reduce reaction times. Hence, in this study, a hybrid physical-chemical method was proposed for the oily sludge treatment where the solvent extraction was assisted by Ultrasonic irradiation. Five different solvents were evaluated, namely Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Toluene, Cyclohexane (CHX), Ethyl Acetate (EA), and Dichloromethane (DCM). The parameters of concerned in this study were sludge to solvent ratio, mixing speed, and mixing time. The results showed that MEK was the best solvent in extracting the oil from the sludge with 67.57% yield, followed by toluene (65.69%), CHX (64.71%, EA (63.39%), and DCM (47.79%). Solvent polarity and intermolecular interaction play the key role in the extraction. The amphiphilic nature of MEK stroked the optimal balance of solvency which helped MEK to achieve the highest yield. At the optimum operating conditions, the sample was subjected to ultrasound waves field, with varying power levels of 3, 6, and 9 set on the ultrasonic system. Within 40 minutes of ultrasonication, 92.33% yield of oil was extracted from the oily sludge at power level of 3: an increase of 24.76% from oil yield of solvent extraction technique alone. Ultrasonic cavitation activity gave high impact in releasing trapped oil droplets on the surface and within the pore structure of solids which resulted in the higher oil yield. The high percentage of oil yield from ultrasonicated solvent extraction technique indicated a promising method to be used in treating oily sludge.

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Holdings ( 2 )
Title notes ( 4 )

Holdings
Item type	Current library	Collection	Call number	Status	Date due	Barcode
Thesis	UMPLIB GAMBANG	Reference	FTKKP .Q95 2024 r Thesis (Browse shelf(Opens below))	Not for loan		T000003309
Thesis	UMPLIB GAMBANG		CD13659 (Browse shelf(Opens below))	In Transit		T000003310

Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology

Thesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2024

Includes bibliographical references

Oily sludge is a hazardous waste product produced from the exploration, production, transportation and refining process of crude oil. Considering oily sludge containing relatively high amount of oil, oil recovery would be the most desirable approach for its treatment. Solvent extraction is a common method used in extracting oil from oily sludge. The technique depends on various parameters including types of solvent, solvent to sludge ratio, mixing time and temperature. However, with this single chemical treatment, the separation process is less effective. Ultrasound wave fields are utilized in cleaning procedures and aiding chemical reactions to accelerate cleaning and reduce reaction times. Hence, in this study, a hybrid physical-chemical method was proposed for the oily sludge treatment where the solvent extraction was assisted by Ultrasonic irradiation. Five different solvents were evaluated, namely Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Toluene, Cyclohexane (CHX), Ethyl Acetate (EA), and Dichloromethane (DCM). The parameters of concerned in this study were sludge to solvent ratio, mixing speed, and mixing time. The results showed that MEK was the best solvent in extracting the oil from the sludge with 67.57% yield, followed by toluene (65.69%), CHX (64.71%, EA (63.39%), and DCM (47.79%). Solvent polarity and intermolecular interaction play the key role in the extraction. The amphiphilic nature of MEK stroked the optimal balance of solvency which helped MEK to achieve the highest yield. At the optimum operating conditions, the sample was subjected to ultrasound waves field, with varying power levels of 3, 6, and 9 set on the ultrasonic system. Within 40 minutes of ultrasonication, 92.33% yield of oil was extracted from the oily sludge at power level of 3: an increase of 24.76% from oil yield of solvent extraction technique alone. Ultrasonic cavitation activity gave high impact in releasing trapped oil droplets on the surface and within the pore structure of solids which resulted in the higher oil yield. The high percentage of oil yield from ultrasonicated solvent extraction technique indicated a promising method to be used in treating oily sludge.