Densities, viscosities and excess properties prediction of binary liquid mixtures (etbe with isopropanol and butanol) Liew Wei Man

Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology

Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2024

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Thermophysical properties play a crucial role in measuring and predicting the behavior of binary mixtures containing ether and alcohol, particularly in industrial engineering applications. These properties such as densities, viscosity, excess molar volume and viscosity deviation are vital for determining the optimal choice between ether, alcohol, or a combination of both as a fuel additive. This choice aims to enhance combustion efficiency while minimizing environmental pollution from exhaust emissions. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is mostly used to investigate for finding thermophysical properties with alcohol, but MTBE is not preferable because gives a risk to the environment, so needs to develop other ether which is ethyl ther-butyl ether (ETBE) due to it is the most promising minimizes water solubility. The objectives of this study are to measure and predict the density and viscosity of pure substances and mixtures (ETBE+ isopropanol and butanol) at different temperatures: 298.15 K, 308.15 K, and 318.15 K. Furthermore, excess molar volume and viscosity deviation are calculated for evaluating the interactions between the components. In this work, the densities, and viscosities of the binary liquid mixtures (ETBE with isopropanol and ETBE with butanol) have been measured and applied to Jouyban-Acree model to assess the reliability of back-calculation based on the mean relative deviation with less than 0.0400% and 0.1724% respectively. The prediction and calculation of excess molar volume and viscosity deviation are fitted to Redlich-Kister equation to determine which combination provides the best fit. The results indicate negative excess molar volume and negative deviation for the ETBE + butanol binary mixture at all investigated temperatures. This is attributed to the stronger chemical and structural interaction, such as hydrogen bonding, present in the ETBE + butanol binary mixture compared to the ETBE + isopropanol binary mixture. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ETBE + isopropanol binary mixture exhibits weaker interactions, as evidenced by the graph showing low negative values of excess molar volume and negative deviation compared to ETBE with butanol.