Development and characterization of botanical body lotion using pomegranate (punica granatum) extract / Saifullah Bin Abd Aziz

Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology

Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025

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The cosmetic industry has witnessed the significant expansion, driven by the technology advancement and the increasing demand for natural and sustainable skincare products among consumers. Among the cosmetic product that available, face serums have gained popularity due to their ability to deliver high concentrations of active ingredients effectively. This study focuses on developing face serum using Moringa oleifera extract, widely recognized for its antioxidant, antibacterial, and skin-nourishing properties. The research aims to fill the knowledge gap about moringa's use in skincare particularly in face serum formulation to align with the increasing desire for natural product. The objective of this were to develop scientifically validated moringa-based face serum formulation and to evaluate its physical and chemical properties, including stability, pH, antibacterial activity, antioxidant capacity and heavy metal. The face serum was formulated through a stepwise process involving the dilution and hydration of key ingredients, followed by the homogenization of active components, preservatives, and solvents. The final mixture was blended to achieve uniformity and stability, ensuring optimal performance for testing. Next, it followed by comprehensive testing to assess its quality. The results showed that the moringa face serum exhibited good physical stability and antibacterial activity shows its potential as an effective face serum. However, limitations in antioxidant activity and stability under high temperatures indicate areas for further improvements.