Development of ferum-metal organic framework (fe-mof) adsorbent for carbon dioxide capture application / Amirul Akmal Bin Azlan Zaidy

Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology

Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2024

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Current global production of fossil fuels has yielded dramatic increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions which serve as a greenhouse gas byproduct of these practices. The increased CO2 concentration has generated multiple severe environmental problems including global warming and ocean acidification and extreme weather events while affecting human life directly. The development of improved carbon dioxide capture technologies represents an essential requirement to minimise emissions. Material science alongside engineering frameworks supplies compelling solutions to overcome this difficulty. Metals and organic compounds synchronise to create pore-bearing three-dimensional materials known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The synthetic processes for metal-organic frameworks enable researchers to select specific metal salts and organic linkers to design frameworks that show potential usage for CO2 capture applications. Researchers developed ferum-metal organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) for carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture and storage applications by evaluating their material properties through scientific tests. Fe-MOFs generated through solvothermal synthesis with ferum nitrate serving as the precursor underwent Characterisation testing which supported the study of their crystal structure and structural regularity and porosity through FTIR, SEM-EDX, BET, TGA and XRD analyses. The CO2 adsorption performance analysis occurred under various combinations of dosage amounts and pressure levels along with temperature variation. The CO₂ adsorption performance received testing under different controlled experimental situations ranging from 0.3–0.5g adsorbent dosages to 1–5 bar operating pressures and 40-50 °C temperature conditions. A custom-built system containing a metallic tubular container was used to study pure CO₂ gas adsorption processes alongside regular exit concentration measurements via CO2 concentration meters. The crystalline composition and functional groups of synthesised Fe-MOFs were tested successfully through pattern comparison in XRD examinations and FTIR spectral analysis. The study revealed that elevated pressure combined with increased dosage levels resulted in enhanced adsorption capacities yet adsorption efficiency exhibited correlation with temperature variations. The material exhibited strong potential to capture CO₂ effectively when operating under analysed conditions. Laboratory data supports Fe-MOFs potential as high-performance sustainable adsorbents for greenhouse gas reduction procedures that can guide future progress in carbon capture technology.