A study of flame propagation and stability for methane and liquefied petroleum gas in combustion process / Syarnila Binti Safri

Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering (Biotechnology)) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2009

Bibiliography : p. 61-64

The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge and understand flame characteristic based on the flame stability experimental and also to investigate the relationship between flame speed and air fuel ratio by using two ways of method which are cone method and propagation method. Two types of hydrocarbon fuels have been chosen to complete the analysis based on their widely used in worldwide. Generally, method to determine those three parameters that very useful in designing gas appliances is usually by adjusting the air and fuel ratio. The analysis begins the connection of inlet fuel with cylinder gas and then ignites it by using an igniter. Afterward, flame stability can be observed based on instability mode condition such as yellow tipping, light back and lift off. For determination of flame speed using cone method, blue flame condition is required to calculate the height of inner cone that established. Otherwise for the propagation method, time is taken when the blue flame starts to flow through the flame speed tubing until the end of it. Furthermore, this analysis is also conducted by using three burners diameter which are 22 mm, 16 mm and 13 mm. From the collected data analysis, it shows that flame speed increases when increasing the fuel concentration and flame can establish as a stable condition by using 13 mm burner diameter. However there are other factors that can affect those three parameters but because of the limitation use of the equipment, it is unable to run. Basically in designing gas appliances, higher flame speed is needed to establish a stable condition of flames and a stable flame is needed to make it propagates well steadiness. Other than that these parameters are important to avoid unburned gases that will effect our environment.