An inexpensive & safe method for preparation of caryophyllene oxide / Rodianah Alias

Thesis (Master in Industrial Chemistry) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2013

Bibliography : p. 91-96

Caryophyllene oxide which exists as white crystalline solids with melting points of 62 °C, is widely used as an important material in perfumery industry and recently had been patented as antitumor agent. This 99% pure oxide compound is very muchmore expensive than the original caryophyllene due to the difficulty in production. Experiments were carried out to produce caryophyllene oxide by using inexpensive and safe method. In this study, four objectives were studied; extraction, separation, purification of caryophyllene from clove buds which were later used in this synthesis of caryophyllene oxide in this study. In extraction, four methods were used, cleaner- ultrasonic, hydrodistillation, steam distillation and microwave to obtain clove oil and found that, hydro distillation method was found to give the highest yield of clove oil. For separation process the cayophyllene and the other non-polar molecules in clove oil were separated from eugenol, the highest yield for both clove bud and clove leaf were achieved at a ratio of clove oil: sodium hydroxide of 1: 2. Purification of caryophyllene by using vacuum distillation consist 94% component of a mixture of caryophyllene, and 5.8% alpha-cubebene by using GC/MS analyzer at 136 °C. Caryophyllene oxide was then synthesized by using four different acids, formic acid, acetic anhydride, 3-chloroperbenzoic acid, and acetic acid. The highest percentage of caryophyllene oxide formed in solution analysed by GC/MS was by formic acid (86.47%), followed by 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (81.47%), acetic anhydride (77.04%), and acetic acid (75.33%). Caryophyllene oxide was then crystallized at low temperature until subsequent analysis showed that it is 99% pure.