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Synthesis and characterization of bio-phenolic glyoxal resins via liquefaction and resinification of empty fruit bunch fibres / Ashmal Shahira Ismail

By:

Ashmal Shahira Ismail

Material type: Text

TextPublication details: Kuantan, Pahang : UMP, 2017Description: xiv, 46 p. : ill. (some col.), charts ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROMISBN:

THE0000122(Local)

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Dissertation note: Project Paper (Bachelor of Applied Science (Honor) Material Technology) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2017 Abstract: The fast development of oil palm industry in the country has produced substantial amount of empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres. These waste has caused pollution to the environment. To overcome this problem, research has been made to convert EFB into bio-phenolic resin which has beneficial uses in industry. This research describes the synthesis and characterization of bio-phenolic glyoxal resins by using liquefaction of EFB fibres. EFB were liquefied in phenol with the presence of hydrochloric acid and as catalyst for 2 hours at 150 . The liquefied EFB and residue was characterized using FTIR to determine the functional groups present and to determine the effect of catalyst on phenol and EFB. Glyoxal is used as dialdehyde replacing formaldehyde for resinification as it is non-toxic and obtained from natural sources which make it environmental friendly. Next, after resinification process of liquefied EFB and glyoxal with the presence of sodium hydroxide, the bio-phenolic resin C and resin F were characterized using ATR-FTIR and TGA analysis. The ATR-FTIR analysis shows that resin C produced higher and strong intensity compared to resin F. TGA analysis were used to study the thermal stability and to compare the weight loss between those resins.The decomposition temperatures of sample F is 232.47 while the temperature of decomposition for resin C is 189.52 . It can be concluded that glyoxal can be a successful replacement for formaldehyde in producing Bio-Phenolic resin.

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Holdings ( 2 )
Title notes ( 4 )

Holdings
Item type	Current library	Call number	Copy number	Status	Date due	Barcode
Final Year Report	UMPLIB GAMBANG	FIST .A84 2017 r Bc. (Browse shelf(Opens below))	1	Not for loan		0000119983
Final Year Report	UMPLIB GAMBANG	CD 10894 \| FIST .A84 2017 r Bc. (Browse shelf(Opens below))	1	Not for loan		0000119984

Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology

Project Paper (Bachelor of Applied Science (Honor) Material Technology) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2017

Bibliography : p. 38-39

The fast development of oil palm industry in the country has produced substantial amount of empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres. These waste has caused pollution to the environment. To overcome this problem, research has been made to convert EFB into bio-phenolic resin which has beneficial uses in industry. This research describes the synthesis and characterization of bio-phenolic glyoxal resins by using liquefaction of EFB fibres. EFB were liquefied in phenol with the presence of hydrochloric acid and as catalyst for 2 hours at 150 . The liquefied EFB and residue was characterized using FTIR to determine the functional groups present and to determine the effect of catalyst on phenol and EFB. Glyoxal is used as dialdehyde replacing formaldehyde for resinification as it is non-toxic and obtained from natural sources which make it environmental friendly. Next, after resinification process of liquefied EFB and glyoxal with the presence of sodium hydroxide, the bio-phenolic resin C and resin F were characterized using ATR-FTIR and TGA analysis. The ATR-FTIR analysis shows that resin C produced higher and strong intensity compared to resin F. TGA analysis were used to study the thermal stability and to compare the weight loss between those resins.The decomposition temperatures of sample F is 232.47 while the temperature of decomposition for resin C is 189.52 . It can be concluded that glyoxal can be a successful replacement for formaldehyde in producing Bio-Phenolic resin.