Wong, Weng Yew creator author. text my 2025 2025 monographic eng xiii , 88 pages : illustrations ; This study investigates the potential of oil palm fronds (OPF) as a renewable feedstock for sugar production and subsequent lipid synthesis using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pretreatment and acid hydrolysis effectively optimized sugar release, with HighPerformance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealing varying concentrations of sugars under different conditions. Water extraction yielded 372.93 ppm fructose, 529.20 ppm glucose, and 250.69 ppm sucrose, while ethanol extraction showed higher sugar concentrations of 594.07 ppm fructose, 678.85 ppm glucose, and 807.50 ppm sucrose. Acid hydrolysis at 110°C resulted in sugar yields of 88.25% for fructose, 33.0% for glucose, and 1.67% for sucrose. At 120°C, fructose and glucose yields increased to 42.48% and 44.38%, respectively, while sucrose remained minimal at 0.05%, indicating selective sugar breakdown. Acid hydrolysis at 130°C demonstrated maximum sugar release, with 1109.05 ppm fructose, 5906.36 ppm glucose, and 404.27 ppm sucrose, corresponding to yields of 32.1%, 171.1%, and 11.7%, respectively. Lignin analysis via UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a temperature-dependent increase in lignin release, with 0.1112 mg/mL at 130°C, enhancing enzymatic accessibility to cellulose and hemicellulose. Lipid profiling using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed diverse lipids, with pretreated OPF juice yielding a higher proportion of valuable compounds, including 31.44% 2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, and 7.14% palmitic acid, compared to untreated juice, which exhibited reduced lipid diversity and yield. These findings highlight the efficacy of pretreatment and hydrolysis in maximizing sugar release and lipid biosynthesis. This study establishes OPF as a viable feedstock for sustainable biofuel production, addressing agricultural waste challenges and advancing renewable energy solutions. specialized Wong Weng Yew Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Final Year Report (Bachelor of Applied Science of Industrial Chemistry) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 Include bibliographical reference Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations THE0010481 (Local) https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46116 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46116 UMPSA 260420 20260420181059.0 eng