Premiy A/p Ramasamy, <br/><br/>
Valorizing nutrients from palm mill digestate / 
Premiy A/p Ramasamy 
 - xii, 58 pages :  illustrations ; 
<br/><br/> Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology 
<br/><br/>Final Year Report (Bachelor of Applied Science of Industrial Chemistry) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 
<br/><br/>Include bibliographical reference 
<br/><br/> This study investigates the valorization of nutrients from palm mill digestate (PMD) by  extracting valuable nutrients using polar (methanol) and non-polar (hexane) solvents and  characterizing them through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Gas  Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass  Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The objective is to transform this waste product into a valuable  resource for agricultural and industrial applications. The research employed Soxhlet  extraction for nutrient recovery, followed by characterization through advanced  analytical techniques. Methanol proved to be more effective than hexane in extracting  essential nutrients such as potassium, magnesium, and calcium, which are beneficial for  soil enrichment and environmental applications. However, the absence of phosphate and  nitrogen limits the applicability of PMD-derived nutrients as standalone fertilizers. Key  findings indicate that methanol-extracted samples contained the highest potassium  concentration (63,920.4 ppb), suggesting significant potential for improving soil fertility  and agricultural productivity. Other important elements, including calcium, magnesium,  and sodium, were also present in moderate amounts, while trace elements like zinc, iron,  and manganese were detected at lower levels. Potentially hazardous elements such as  arsenic and cadmium were found only in trace amounts. The study concludes that PMDderived nutrients can contribute to sustainable waste management and circular economy  strategies by repurposing palm oil by-products into value-added agricultural inputs.  However, due to the lack of key macronutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, PMD  extracts should be integrated into broader fertilizer formulations or used in hydroponic  solutions, composting, and soil amendments. Future research should focus on optimizing  extraction techniques, exploring alternative environmentally friendly solvents, and  investigating co-digestion strategies to enhance nutrient recovery. 
<br/><br/><label>ISBN: </label>THE0010488 (Local) 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Corporate Names: </label><br/>Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology--Dissertations
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>Universities and colleges--Dissertations<br/>Theses--Dissertations