03096ntm a2200349 i 4500 MY-KuUP 20260623152435.0 t|||||r|||| 000 0 ta 260623t20242024my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d THE0010621 (Local) Hardback UMPSA eng UMPSA rda FTKKP .N455 2024 r Bc. Neil Amaani Binti Azharruddin, author. Optimization of high nitrogen (n) content biofertilizer production using mushroom wastes / Neil Amaani Binti Azharruddin Kuantan, Pahang : UMPSA, 2024 © 2024 xv, 39 pages : illustrations ; rdacontent text rdamedia unmediated rdacarrier volume rda text file PDF Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2024 Include bibliographical reference Mushroom cultivation can be considered one of the best presentations of sustainable and circular economy activities, particularly from the cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sp.). To help mushroom industry’s waste management practices, an alternative method was developed. This study focuses on the optimization of high nitrogen (N) content biofertilizer production using mushroom wastes. Biofertilizers play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by providing essential nutrients to plants while minimizing the use of chemical fertilizers. The main goal of this work was to pinpoint the critical parameters affecting the growth of high nitrogen (N) content in biofertilizer using mushroom waste. The parameters studied were drying temperature (60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C and 100°C) and mushroom waste (MW) content (50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90%). The reaction time for Bokashi fermentation was 10 days, where the size of mushroom waste was cut to 1 cm and agitation was applied to the sample twice a day until the last day of fermentation process. The factors that have biggest effects on nitrogen (N) were examined using an optimization approach by Central Composite Design (CCD) using Design Expert Software Version 7. An HACH Spectrophotometer was used to measure the amounts of nitrogen (N) in concentration unit (mg/L). The results showed that both drying temperature and mushroom waste content are the most important factors in determining high nitrogen (N) content. The Design Expert software analysis resulted that the optimum condition for producing a biofertilizer with the highest nitrogen content which was 1305mg/L was at drying temperature of 80°C and 70% mushroom waste content. Keywords: Biofertilizer; Nitrogen; Optimization analysis; Bokashi fermentation Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations Theses Dissertations https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47028 lcc PSM 0 0 lcc 0 0 10000 10000 2026-06-23 0 FTKKP .N455 2024 r Bc. T000004161 2026-06-23 15:31:54 2026-06-23 PSM 105020 105026