Fatin Laila Lissa Binti Mohamad Safri creator author. text my 2025 2025 monographic eng 50 pages : illustrations ; Toluene steam reforming (TSR) presents notable environmental and economic benefits; however, it faces challenges, including catalyst deactivation due to coke formation. Nichol and cobalt are commonly used in TSR; however, their high carbon precipitation rate can lead to deactivation. The enhancement of catalytic activity and resistance to carbon deposition can be attained by investigating innovative catalysts that utilise waste-derived supports, such as calcium oxide (CaO). This study aims to examine the efficacy of a monometallic catalyst supported by lime carbide in Toluene Steam Reforming for syngas production. The catalysts employed in this research are Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co), supported by Calcium oxide. The catalyst was synthesised using an ultrasonic-assisted technique, and its characterisation was conducted by XRD and FESEM investigations. The catalyst's efficacy in mitigating deactivation from coke formation in TSR is being adjusted based on two parameters: temperature and steam to carbon (SC) ratio. The employed temperature ranges from 700°C to 900°C, with steam-to-carbon ratios (S/C) of 1, 1.5, and 2. The syngas produced from this process is analysed using Gas Chromatography-Thermal Conductivity Detection (GC-TCD). This study shows that Ni/CaO is a better catalyst for toluene steam reforming (TSR) than Co/CaO, producing more syngas and higher hydrogen yields. Both catalysts performed best at 900°C, and the optimal steam-to-carbon (S/C) ratio was found to be 1.5. At this ratio, both toluene conversion and hydrogen yield were highest. The XRD results revealed that Ni/CaO maintained more active nickel at higher temperatures, making it more effective than Co/CaO, which formed less active cobalt oxide species. In summary, Ni/CaO is an effective catalyst for TSR, especially at 900°C with an S/C ratio of 1.5, which balances hydrogen production and toluene conversion. However, more research is needed to test its long-term stability and improve its resistance to coke formation. Future studies could also explore bi-metallic or hybrid catalysts, as well as using CaO or waste-derived supports, to further enhance performance and sustainability. As the need for clean energy grows, improving TSR for hydrogen-rich syngas production will be a key focus for both researchers and industries. Keywords:Toluene steam reforming;Catalyst support;Calcium oxide;Syngas production specialized Fatin Laila Lissa Binti Mohamad Safri Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 Include bibliographical reference Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations Theses Dissertations THE0010674 (Local) https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47482 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47482 UMPSA 260707 20260707181203.0 eng