02828ntm a2200349 i 4500 MY-KuUP 20260710122808.0 t|||||r|||| 000 0 ta 260710t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d THE0010706 (Local) Hardback UMPSA eng UMPSA rda FTKKP .A89 2025 r Bc. Nurul Asyikin Binti Mohd Nasir, , , author. Formulation on the pks-epoxy resin for steel coating focusing on fire-retardant behavior / Nurul Asyikin Binti Mohd Nasir Kuantan, Pahang : UMPSA, 2025 © 2025 x, 32 pages : illustrations ; rdacontent text rdamedia unmediated rdacarrier volume rda text file PDF Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 Include bibliographical reference The study investigates the use of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) in epoxy resins to improve the fire resistance of steel coatings. While structurally important, steel is susceptible to corrosion and strength loss at high temperatures. The study seeks to improve the fire- retardant properties of PKS-epoxy resin coatings by examining the impacts of PKS particle size and PKS-to-epoxy resin ratio. PKS, a lignocellulosic fiber-rich byproduct of the palm oil industry, may greatly improve heat stability and char production when mixed with epoxy resins. The process comprises synthesizing PKS in various particle sizes (25, 45, 63, and 90 μm), treating them with sodium hydroxide, and integrating them into epoxy resin. The produced samples are subjected to various characterization methods, including FTIR, TGA, tensile testing, SEM, water absorption, and fire testing. The finding revealed that the 25 μm particle size with a 2:8 PKS-to-epoxy resin ratio gives the best result. The composition demonstrated superior fire resistance, reduced water absorption, and enhanced mechanical strength, attributed to improved particle dispersion and strong interfacial bonding. Meanwhile, larger particle sizes and higher PKS content compromised these properties due to increased porosity and diminished matrix interactions. This study highlights the potential of PKS-epoxy coatings as an environmentally friendly, effective alternative to standard fire retardants, enabling long-term growth in fire safety applications. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations Theses Dissertations https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47577 lcc PSM 0 0 lcc 0 0 10000 10000 2026-07-10 0 FTKKP .A89 2025 r Bc. T000004300 2026-07-10 12:28:56 2026-07-10 PSM 105173 105179