02845ntm a2200337 i 4500 MY-KuUP 20260727183238.0 t|||||r|||| 000 0 ta 260727t20242024my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d THE0010773 (Local) Hardback UMPSA eng UMPSA rda FTKKP .F38 2024 r Dip. Fatin Ainin Sofiya Binti Mohd Yusri, , , author. Effect of alkaline pretreatment on the nutrient content of pineapple leaves / Fatin Ainin Sofiya Binti Mohd Yusri Kuantan, Pahang : UMPSA, 2025 © 2025 v, 20 pages : illustrations ; rdacontent text rdamedia unmediated rdacarrier volume rda text file PDF Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Final Year Report (Diploma of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 Include bibliographical reference Pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) are an abundant fiber that has high cellulose content. The complex structure arrangement of PALF contains a bundle of packed fiber filled with fiber materials making it hard to break the lignin structure and disrupts the hemicellulose-lignin complex to reduce sugar. Dilute sulfuric acid (𝐻2𝑆𝑂4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) played roles in this study to determine the effect of alkaline pretreatment on the nutrient content of pineapple leaves. Besides, PALF pretreated with 2% (w/v) of KOH gave the highest yield of reducing sugar (20.33 mg/g) after pretreatment. The structural changes of PALF pretreatment were observed through the water bath method (80℃) at 1 hour and the autoclave method (121℃) at 20 minutes for pretreatment, and ensured solution was neutralized to pH 7 for chemical stability. After pretreatment, the fiber was measured to do the extraction for determination of lactic acid using 𝐹𝑒𝐶𝑙3 and extraction for determination of nutrient content (Protein, Phenolic, Reducing sugar). Therefore, the highest yield of reducing sugars in PLF pretreatment is due to the decomposition of hemicellulose and cellulose structures, and in this way can break the fibers into smaller pieces. This result indicates that alkaline pretreatment conditions can improve the rate of treatment hydrolysis. In conclusion, the suggested treatment provides a simple but efficient method to isolate cellulose that can be used for various types of applications animal feed products, natural fiber extraction and bioethanol production. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations Theses Dissertations lcc PSM 0 0 lcc 0 0 10000 10000 2026-07-27 0 FTKKP .F38 2024 r Dip. T000004438 2026-07-27 18:19:38 2026-07-27 PSM 105322 105328