03251ntm a2200349 i 4500 MY-KuUP 20260728163157.0 t|||||r|||| 000 0 ta 260728t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d THE0010782 (Local) Hardback UMPSA eng UMPSA rda FTKKP .Z85 2025 r Dip. Zuliza Azwani Binti Zulkifli Chan, , , author. Effect of ACID hydrolysis on the nutrient content of pineapple leaves / Zuliza Azwani Binti Zulkifli Chan Kuantan, Pahang : UMPSA, 2025 © 2025 v, 16 pages : illustrations ; rdacontent text rdamedia unmediated rdacarrier volume rda text file PDF Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Final Year Report (Diploma of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 Include bibliographical reference The acid hydrolysis process of pineapple leaves has been carried out using sulfuric acid to produce nutrient content. Pineapple leaves are abundant agricultural by products rich in lignocellulosic components contain the significant amounts of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin which can break down through acid hydrolysis to release valuable nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of temperature in acid hydrolysis on the nutrient content of pineapple leaves. Acid pretreatment was used on the pineapple leaves at different temperatures in a water bath and autoclave for nutrient analysis. The extraction process consisted of two parts. The first part involved the extraction of total phenolic content, total protein content, reducing sugar, and crude fiber, using ethanol as the extraction solvent. The second part focused on the extraction of lactic acid, where sulfuric acid was used as an extraction medium. These methods were developed to collect initial data on the nutrient composition. The acid pretreatment of pineapple leaves significantly influences the release of nutrients. The crude fiber content decreases due to the degradation of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose which in turn increases the content of reducing sugar and total phenolic content. The reduction of crude fiber occurs due to the partial degradation of complex lignocellulosic structure. However, both lactic acid and total protein content decrease, these nutrients were not effectively produced or extracted from the leaves, which resulted in an increase in crude fiber content. Results showed that the autoclave method was more effective in degrading the lignocellulose structure compared to the water bath method. This study demonstrates the acid pretreatment significantly impact on nutrient content of pineapple leaves, benefiting to improve the environmental sustainability of using pineapple leaves as a resource for various applications. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations Theses Dissertations https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47837 lcc PSM 0 0 lcc 0 0 10000 10000 2026-07-28 0 FTKKP .Z85 2025 r Dip. T000004452 2026-07-28 16:32:27 2026-07-28 PSM 105336 105342