03401ntm a2200313 i 4500003000800000005001700008006001800025007000300043008004100046020003300087040002700120100005600147245015600203264003600359264001200395300003700407336002100444337002500465338002300490347002400513500005900537502013200596504003800728520213100766610007402897650004502971650002603016856004503042MY-KuUP20260811124736.0t|||||r|||| 000 0ta260811t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d  aTHE0010948 (Local)qHardback  aUMPSAbengcUMPSAerda0 aSiti Norkhalida Erna Binti Muhamad Zainon,eauthor.10aSynthesis of titanium-based catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of phenol :beffect of catalyst dosage /cSiti Norkhalida Erna Binti Muhamad Zainon 1aKuantan, Pahang :bUMPSA,c2025 4c© 2025  avii, 52 pages :billustrations ;  2rdacontentatext  2rdamediaaunmediated  2rdacarrieravolume  2rdaatext filebPDF  aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology  aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025  aInclude bibliographical reference3 aTiO₂/CdS/TA photocatalysts were rarely studied for phenol degradation in water, including the effects of catalyst dosage on photocatalytic performance, leaving the full potential of this system unable to be utilized. The catalyst was synthesized and was characterized by BET, FTIR, XRD and FESEM techniques to determine surface area, structural, morphological and functional groups. From BET analysis, a TYPE II isotherm with a Type H2 hysteresis loop was observed, indicating the presence of mesoporous structure with ink-bottle-shaped pores, allowing for efficient light penetration and molecular transport. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the catalyst, which play an important role in the generation of photogenerated reactive oxygen species. XRD patterns confirmed the crystalline phases which is anatase and rutile in TiO₂, along with the incorporation of CdS, generating a heterojunction structure to enhance charge separation and visible light absorption. FESEM showed high content of particles in the nanoscale range with a rough surface morphology which led to an increased surface area and active sites. To evaluate the photocatalytic performance, the degradation of phenol was studied by varying the catalyst dosages (0.5 g/L to 2.0 g/L). These results indicated that the highest degradation efficiency of about 58.61% after 180 minutes could be obtained with the optimal dosage (1.5 g/L). The reaction degree was limited in low dosage with fewer active sites, whereas in high dosage with agglomeration, light shielding and poor light penetration. The implications of these results suggest the necessity for optimizing catalyst dosage through modulation of active site availability and light exercise. This research highlights the applicability of TiO₂/CdS/TA photocatalysts in environmental remediation, especially for the treatment of phenolic wastewater. This research provides a foundation for the future research and implementation of highly efficient photocatalytic systems in the fields of wastewater treatment and green environmental development technologies.20aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering TechnologyxDissertations 0aUniversities and collegesxDissertations 0aThesesxDissertations  uhttps://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47774