TY  - MANSCPT
AU  - Muhammad Azinuddin Bin Mat Zait,
TI  - Food waste torrefaction with nitric acid pre-treatment: the effect of residence time 
SN  - THE0010950 (Local)
PY  - 2025///
CY  - Kuantan, Pahang
PB  - UMPSA
KW  - Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
KW  - Dissertations
KW  - Universities and colleges
KW  - Theses
N1  - Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology; Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025; Include bibliographical reference
N2  - This study investigates the torrefaction of Food Waste (FW) with nitric acid pre-treatment to overcome the problem within biomass solid biofuel, which has high ash content. In Malaysia, there is a significant composition of FW, and it causes environmental impact to surrounding odor and pollution. Thus, this study experiments with a suitable method to reduce the environmental impact while generating energy. This research aims to optimize biofuel production by assessing the effect of varying residence time during nitric acid pre-treatment. The FW was collected around cafeterias at Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA. The pre-treatment was conducted using FW sample leaching in 7 v/v% solution for 120 minutes. The experiment was repeated at different residence times (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The torrefaction process was conducted at 275°C for 30 minutes, after which key parameters such as High Heating Value (HHV), Proximate Analysis (PA), mass loss, energy yield, and mass yield were evaluated. In addition, the FW consists predominantly of bones and may affect the ash content value. The result shows that nitric acid pre-treatment significantly reduces ash content in the leaching process for both conditions and increases the calorific value of the sample
UR  - https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47783
ER  -