02869ntm a2200337 i 4500 MY-KuUP 20260811163040.0 t|||||r|||| 000 0 ta 260811t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d THE0010954 (Local) Hardback UMPSA eng UMPSA rda FTKKP .A335 2025 r Bc. Allif Hakimi Bin Asdinata, author. Process simulation of food waste acid pre-treatment and torrefaction for renewable energy application / Allif Hakimi Bin Asdinata Kuantan, Pahang : UMPSA, 2025 © 2025 xi, 51 pages : illustrations ; rdacontent text rdamedia unmediated rdacarrier volume rda text file PDF Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Final Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025 Include bibliographical reference The widespread use of fossil fuels and the increasing global energy demand require sustainable alternatives, prompting research into food waste (FW) as a renewable energy source. This study examines the integration of acid pre-treatment and torrefaction to increase the biofuel potential of FW by overcoming high ash content and suboptimal energy characteristics. Objectives include quantifying the composition of FW in the cafeteria of Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), evaluating the quality of torrefied FW against international biofuel standards, and simulating the acid-torrefaction pre-treatment process using Aspen Plus. FW samples were analyzed through proximate tests, and high heating value (HHV), followed by nitric acid pre-treatment (7 wt% and 120 minutes) and torrefaction (275°C and 30 minutes). Aspen Plus simulation models mass-energy balance and sensitivity analysis for process optimization. Results show a 58% reduction in ash content after acid pre-treatment, complying with ISO 18122 standards (<5% ash). Torrefaction at 275°C increased the HHV to 21.5 MJ/kg, in line with the specification of non-woody pellets. Sensitivity analysis suggested a feed flow rate of 50 kg/J and particle size <2 mm as optimal for maximum biofuel yield (68%). These findings prove SM as a practical alternative to fossil fuels, contributing to SDGs 7, 12, and 13 through a circular economy and reduction of landfill waste. The study provides a scalable framework for sustainable energy production, emphasizing the role of FW in the global renewable energy transition. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Dissertations Universities and colleges Dissertations Theses Dissertations lcc PSM 0 0 lcc 0 0 10000 10000 2026-08-11 0 FTKKP .A335 2025 r Bc. T000004389 2026-08-11 16:30:53 2026-08-11 PSM 105457 105463