TY  - BOOK
AU  - Liyana Nadirah Mat Suli
TI  - Pipeline transportation of heavy crude oil-in-water emulsion
SN  - THE0004919(Local)
PY  - 2010///
CY  - Kuantan, Pahang
PB  - UMP
KW  - Surface active agents
KW  - Pipelines
N1  - Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering (Gas Technology)) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2010; Bibliography : p. 63-67
N2  - The increasing world energy demand, heavy crude oils represent a significant energy supply that will play an important role. However these petroleum products are known to present technical challengers in all phase operation which is reservoir, transportation, and refining. The crude oil has high viscosity that would be challenge and difficult to transport via pipeline. This researched focus on two parts, first factors that effect stability of crude oil in water during transportation part. Second part is breaking oil in water emulsions. These investigations used 4 different types of surfactant to study stability part, and two types of demulsifiers for breaking the emulsion. The result showed increasing of oil content, the speed and temperature mixing of the emulsion resulted in increased emulsion stability. Span 80 is the most stable emulsifier for emulsion stability compared to the other surfactant. The graph plot between shear rate and shear stress shows the behavior of the crude oil. Demulsification of the stable crude oil in water emulsion was achieved by using hexylamine with 2% concentration which is the best demusifier
ER  -