02224nam a2200265 a 4500 vtls000066772 KUKTEM 20251114204529.0 121122t2012 my a f m 000 0 eng d THE0004657(Local) 201905141155 azhar 201211221043 ida UMP TP359.B46 N67 2012 rs Bc. Che Norrizuan Che Abdul Rahim Esterification of oleic acid with ethanol catalysed by 12-tungstophosphoric acid supported on alumina / Che Norrizuan Che Abdul Rahim Kuantan, Pahang : UMP, 2012 xv, 90 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2012 Bibliography : p. 41-42 Ester of organic acids and alcohols form an industrially important class of substances. They are mainly produced as components of esterification reactions. Esterification as well as transesterification reactions has been largely applied to the production of biodiesel, which may be defined as alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable resources such as biomass. This work presents an impregnation route to support 12-Tungstophosporic Acid (H3PW) on Alumina (Al2O3) in acidic aqueous solution (HCl 0.1 mol/L) at different ratios (5, 10, 15, 25, 40 and 60 wt%). The catalyst were further applied in the esterification of oleic acid with ethanol. The samples calcined at 200°C for 4 h were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosocy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The effect of the most relevant variables of the process such as ratio of catalyst (H3PW/Al2O3) and reaction temperature was investigated in the present study. An optimum reaction performance , 80% of oleic acid conversion was achieved at 25 wt% catalyst loading, 60°C, 4 h reaction and 1:6 (oleic acid:ethanol) molar ratio. Studies show that the catalyst is feasible to be used for biodiesel production Biodiesel fuels Catalyst Esterification 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 TP359.B46 N67 2012 rs Bc. 0000068113 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 CD 6395 | TP359.B46 N67 2012 rs Bc. 0000068114 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM VIRTUA40 3638 3644 VTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2600*3000*5020*5040*5200*6500*6501*6502*9992