02092ntm a2200253 a 4500 vtls000074002 KUKTEM 20251114204540.0 130822t2012 my da f m 000 0 eng d THE0004611(Local) 201905171007 azhar 201905171007 azhar 201308221251 huda 201308221251 huda UMP TP359.B46 F37 2012 rs Bc. Nur Farzana Omar Production of biodiesel from castor oil using egg shell waste as solid catalysts / Nur Farzana Omar Kuantan, Pahang : UMP, 2012 xiii, 37 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering (Gas Technology)) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2012 Bibliography : p. 25-28 The increase in price of petroleum and environmental concerns, the search for alternative fuels has gained importance. Biodiesel is one of several alternative fuels that is renewable and can be manufactured from vegetable oils. Biodiesel's physical properties are similar to those of petroleum diesel, but it is a cleaner-burning alternative. Using biodiesel in place of petroleum diesel can reduce emissions. The main objectives of the research is to produce biodiesel from castor oil using activated egg shell waste as solid catalysts and to investigate the effect of methanol/oil ratio, temperature and reaction time on the biodiesel yield. The effect of parameters on the biodiesel yield has been investigated from the reaction process that is called transterification process. Biodiesel has been successfully produced from castor oil using activated egg shell waste as solid catalyst by the variation of methanol/oil ratio, temperature and reaction time has affected the biodiesel yield. The highest biodiesel yield was found by the methanol/oil ratio of 5:1, temperature of 55°C and reaction time of 4 hours. Biodiesel fuels Catalysts 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 TP359.B46 F37 2012 rs Bc. 0000074952 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 CD 7176 | TP359.B46 F37 2012 rs Bc. 0000074953 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM VIRTUA40 3941 3947 VTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2600*3000*5020*5040*5200*6500*6501*9992