02558nam a2200265 a 4500 vtls000075858 KUKTEM 20251114204540.0 131106t2013 my da f m 000 0 eng d THE0004633(Local) 201905141608 azhar 201311121657 nabilah 201311061145 nabilah UMP TP359.B46 I66 2013 rs Bc. Iqmil Hamdan Utilization of eggshell waste as solid catalyst for biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil / Iqmil Hamdan Kuantan, Pahang : UMP, 2013 ix, 52 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM Project paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2013 Bibliography : p. 41-43 Increasing demand on the energy consumption due to modernization of the world where the major part of that energy is derived from fossil such as petroleum and natural gas where the energy-based fossil fuel has become limited resources that has drawn many researchers to look for alternative fuel which can be produced from renewable feedstock. Based on the recently research, Jatropha curcas oil that is derived from non-edible oil has a potential for biodiesel production. Eggshell has been investigated to utilize the composition of calcium carbonate as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis. The objective for the experiment is by utilizing the eggshell waste as solid catalyst for biodiesel production from Jathropa curcas oil by the variation of temperature, methanol oil ratio and reaction time. The eggshell is prepared by the process of calcinations to get the calcium dioxide from the calcium carbonate. Fatty acid will be reduced to less than 1% before transesterification process by using acid catalyst of 1wt% of H2SO4, 600C, 3 hours of reaction time and 60% methanol to oil ratio. After that the process of transesterification for producing biodiesel from the refined Jatropha oil will be done in the batch reactor. There were several parameters that need to be considered which were; (1) reaction temperature (35°C, 45°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C), (2) methanol/oil ratio (1:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7:1, 9:1), (3) reaction time of 1h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, The highest biodesel was found at 88.50% by the methanol oil ratio of 5:1, temperature of 60 0C reaction time for 5 hours. Biodiesel fuels Jatropha Eggshells 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 TP359.B46 I66 2013 rs Bc. 0000074821 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 CD 7110 | TP359.B46 I66 2013 rs Bc. 0000074822 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM VIRTUA40 3947 3953 VTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2600*3000*5020*5040*5200*6500*6501*6502*9992