03754ntm a2200289 a 4500 vtls000093716 KUKTEM 20251117113316.0 160309t2015 my a f 000 0 eng d THE0000952(Local) 201905271048 nazirah 201905271047 nazirah 201711291030 saini 201603091650 huda UMP FKKSA .N33 2015 r Bc. Nor Nadiah Mohamad Isolation of lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) by using organosolv method / Nor Nadiah Mohamad Kuantan, Pahang : UMP, 2015 xii, 42 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Project Paper (Bachelors of Chemical Engineering (Biotechnology)) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2015 Bibliography : p. 35-38 This research focus on the isolation of lignin component from lignocellulosic biomass of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) using the organosolv method. Lignin has a unique structure where it consist of varies aromatic compound in their polymeric chain lignin that capable to copolymerize alternative units that derive from incomplete monolignol biosynthesis in plants. Nowadays, trending in lignin research was to focus the integration into lignin polymer and also improve the lignin degradation. Among the pretreatment methods to isolate lignin from its lignocellulosic biomass, the organosolv method process is the promising pretreatment method for biorefinery approach. Common organosolv methods consist of cooking lignocellulosic biomass in aqueous ethanol solvent at high temperature and carry out in a pressurized reactor. However, in this study, modification on organosolv method has been made where this reaction was carry out by refluxing at ambient pressure and lower temperature. Two parameters have been studied during the process: i) Extraction times (4-8 hour) ii) Ethanol concentrations (65-75% vol.). From the results, extraction time and ethanol concentration gives large effects to delignification. While delignification is decreased by lower extraction time and higher solvent concentration, pulp yield increased and thus decreased the yield of lignin. Extension of time leads to a decrease of the pulp yield and increase the lignin yield. For overall ethanol concentration, it can be shown that there is no significant effect in their trend. Mostly, the highest lignin yield was recorded at extraction time of 8 hour with 6.73% lignin yield (65% ethanol vol.), 8.91% lignin yield (70% ethanol vol.). However, for 75% ethanol vol., the highest was at 6 hour with 5.44% lignin yield. For solvent concentration effect, overall maximum lignin yield was observed at 70% ethanol. The highest lignin yield isolated at maximum extraction time (8 hour) was at 70% ethanol concentration with 8.91% lignin yield followed by 65% with 6.73% and 75% at 4.66% only. From this trend, it can be shown that a further increase ethanol concentration at 70% vol. reduces the lignin yield. Solvent concentration and extraction time gives an intense impact to this process as these parameters able to lead to much economical process condition to isolate high yield of lignin. Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Dissertations Universities and Colleges Dissertations Theses http://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/9560 Access in library only 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 FKKSA .N33 2015 r Bc. 0000107637 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM 0 0 0 1 10000 10000 2019-09-04 0 CD 9581 | FKKSA .N33 2015 r Bc. 0000107638 2019-09-04 00:00:00 1 2019-09-04 PSM VIRTUA40 6489 6495 VTLSSORT0080*0200*0400*0900*1000*2450*2600*3000*5000*5020*5040*5200*6100*6500*6501*8560*9992