02167ntm a2200241 a 4500001001400000003000700014005001700021008004100038020002200079040000800101100003600109245010400145260003400249300004500283500005600328502010900384504002800493520120700521610007101728650004501799650001101844856007001855vtls000093806KUKTEM20251117113322.0160314t2015    my a   f      000 0 eng d  aTHE0000902(Local)  aUMP0 aMuhammad Hashrul Tahpiz Ibrahim10aFormulation, characterisation, and optimization of emulsion fuel /cMuhammad Hashrul Tahpiz Ibrahim  aKuantan, Pahang :bUMP,c2015  axii, 59 p. :bill. ;c30 cm. +e1 CD-ROM  aFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering  aProject Paper (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering (Gas Technology)) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2015  aBibliography : p. 45-493 aEmulsion is a mixture of two immiscible substances. For the emulsion, we have two types which are Oil-in water  emulsions (O/W) and Water  –in-oil emulsions (W/O).  Diesel fuel emulsions are blended  mixtures  of  diesel  fuel,  water,  emulsifying  agents  and  other  additives,  that  reduce particulate  matter  (PM),  oxides  of  nitrogen  (  NOx)  emissions,  as  a  result  of  the  added  water. Addition  of  water  to  the  emulsified  fuel  also  reduces  the  energy  content  of  the  fuel,  with corresponding reductions in fuel economy and engine power.  Emulsified diesel fuel has been the subject of several studies, and for  comparative purposes in several others. This emulsified diesel fuel  is  a  combination  of  diesel  fuel  with  20%  water  by  weight,  and  an  "additive  package"  for stabilizing  the  fuel-water  emulsion.  To  mixed  diesel  with  water  we  should  add  surfactants.  The surfactants  that  we  used  are  Sorbitan  monoolate,  NF,(Span  80),  Polysorbate  60,NF,(Tween  60), Polysorbate 80,NF,(Tween 80), Triton X-100. The components required for making emulsion are mechanical agitator, diesel, distillated water,surfactants, burette, and pipette.20aFaculty of Chemical & Natural Resources EngineeringxDissertations 0aUniversities and CollegesxDissertations 0aTheses40uhttp://ecollib.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25601zAccess in library only