02856ntm a2200373 i 4500 0 0 lcc 0 1 REF 10000 10000 REF 2020-07-07 0 FKASA .N336 2019 r Bc. T000000701 2020-10-12 00:00:00 1 2020-07-07 PSM 0 0 lcc 0 0 REF 10000 10000 2020-07-07 0 CD12578 T000000702 2021-03-09 00:00:00 1 2020-07-07 PSM 92502 92508 MY-KuUP 20251125105548.0 t||||fr|||| 000 0 ta 200707t20192019my a|||fram|| 000 0 eng d THE0008703(Local) hardback UMP eng UMP rda FKASA .N336 2019 r Bc. Mohamad Nabil Mohamed, author. Compression test of built-up C section cold-formed steel with openings / Mohamad Nabil Mohamed Kuantan, Pahang : UMP, 2019 © 2019 xi, 50 pages : illustrations ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM text rdacontent text rdacontent unmediated rdamedia computer rdamedia volume rdacarrier computer disc rdacarrier text file PDF rda Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources Project Paper (Bachelors of Civil Engineering) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2019 Includes bibliographical references This paper aims to determine the ultimate load of built-up C section cold-formed steel with openings compared to single C section and study the buckling behavior of built-up C section. Cold-formed steels are widely used in construction industry, manufacturing technologies and relevant standards. Cold-formed steels are widely available with difference sizes and shapes. Cold-formed steel sections are manufactured with difference process such as cold roll forming and press brake operation. In the tests, compression loading were imposed on fix ended short columns with opening series. There are total of 8 specimens was conducted as to get an accurate result to show the behavior and strength of built-up cold-formed steel. The built-up column consists of two individual cold-formed steel lipped channels placed back-to-back and connected at the web using two self-drilling screw fasteners at specified spacing along the column length. Both end of each columns will be welded with a steel plate to act as fixed support. This paper presents a detailed descriptions of an experimental and theoretical studies to investigate the maximum load and buckling behavior of cold-formed steel columns. Mode of failure split into four categories such as local buckling, distortional buckling, warping and flexural buckling. All of specimen in openings give different data. Specimen without opening give more higher maximum load compare to specimen with opening. The use of transducer in the compression test gives the earlier sign how column structures behave under axial load. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources Disertations Universities and colleges Disertations Theses lcc PSM