03451ntm a2200385 i 4500952014100000952012400141999001700265003000800282005001700290006001900307008004100326020003200367040002300399090002900422100003100451245013300482264003400615264001200649300007100661336002100732336002100753337002500774337002300799338002300822338003000845347002400875500005900899502007000958504003901028520185201067610007402919650004502993650001103038942001603049  00102lcc40718REFa10000b10000cREFd2022-01-13l0oFTKKP .J87 2021 r ThesispT000001525r2022-04-26 00:00:00t1w2022-01-13yTHESIS  00102lcc40718REFa10000b10000cREFd2022-03-14l0oCD12932pT000001526r2023-01-30 00:00:00t1w2022-03-14yTHESIS  c96390d96396MY-KuUP20251125105951.0t||||fr|||| 000 0 220314s2021    my a|||frm||| 000 0 eng d  aTHE0009156(Local)qhardback  aUMPbengcUMPerda  aFTKKP .J87 2021 r Thesis1 aJurida Jamaludin,eauthor.10aDevelopment and characterisation of gum arabic-kappa carrageenan composite film For hard capsule application /cJurida Jamaludin 1aKuantan, Pahang :bUMP,c2021 4c© 2021  axiii, 99 pages :billustrations (some color) ;c30 cm. +e1 CD-ROM  atext2rdacontent  atext2rdacontent  aunmediated2rdamedia  acomputer2rdamedia  avolume2rdacarrier  acomputer disc2rdacarrier  atext filebPDF2rda  aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology  aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2021  aIncludes bibliographical reference3 aMore than 50% of the hard capsule is manufactured from the animal gelatin, which may  risk  animal disease and religious prohibited source of gelatin. This awareness of  gelatin  source  has  driven  many  new  alternative  plant-based  hard  capsule  developments.  The  present study's objective  is to formulate and produce  potential  hard capsule  from  mixtures  of  gum  arabic  and  semi  refined  kappa  carrageenan.  The  GA-SRC  composites  were  prepared at different SRC weight ratios of 33% (GC33), 50% (GC50) and 67% (GC67).  Polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and alginate have been added at constant concentration.  The control films of gum arabic film (GAF) and  semi refined  kappa carrageenan film  (SRCF) have been compared to the  composites.  Samples properties were  characterised  for its mechanical properties, surface morphologies, thermal properties and disintegration  time.  The  raw  material  elemental  and  functional  characterisation  of  GA  and  SRC  suggested a compatibility to form composites  through hydrogen bonding formation.  GAF  demonstrated  brittle  property  and  has  smooth  surface  morphology  with  some  cracks.  SCRF exhibited shrinkage and has a rough surface morphology with the tensile strength  of  around  25.51  MPa.  The  increment  of  SRC  in  composite  films  has  increased  the composite solution viscosity, tensile strength and capsule loop. The hard capsule formed  from sample GC67  shows the highest tensile strength and capsule loop of 36.21 MPa and  34.11  N respectively at 1058 mPa.s solution viscosity. It was determined that the hard  capsule disintegrated at 7.30  minutes. The addition of gum arabic was  able to make the  hard capsule film surface smoother. Thus, GC67 is potential for the development of hard  capsule, and the objective of this research was achieved.20aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering TechnologyxDissertations 0aUniversities and collegesxDissertations 0aTheses  2lcccTHESIS