05220ntm a2200373 i 4500 0 0 lcc 0 0 REF 20000 20000 REF 2022-10-06 0 FTKMA .S64 2021 r Thesis T000001904 2022-10-06 00:00:00 1 2022-10-06 RESTRICT 0 0 lcc 0 -2 REF 20000 20000 REF 2022-10-06 0 CD13116 T000001905 2022-10-06 00:00:00 1 2022-10-06 RESTRICT 97788 97794 MY-KuUP 20251125110122.0 t||||fr|||| 00| 0 ta 221006s2021 my a|||| |||| 00| 0 eng d THE0009357(Local) hardback UMP eng UMP rda FTKMA .S64 2021 r Thesis Sreenath Sukumaran, author. Design, performance, and sustainability assessment of solar PV power plant in airport location / Sreenath Sukumaran Pahang : UMP, 2021 © 2021 xvii, 167 pages : Illustration ; 30 cm. + 1 CD-ROM text rdacontent text rdacontent unmediated rdamedia computer rdamedia volume rdacarrier computer disc rdacarrier text file PDF rda Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2021 Includes bibliographical reference Due to ever-increasing energy demand and carbon emissions, the aviation sector is under continuous environmental pressures. The aviation industry's carbon footprint crossed 660 million metric tons in 2019, around 2 % of global carbon emissions. In this regard, airports have shown keen interest in solar photovoltaic (PV) to meet their energy demand and sustainability goals. However, implementing onsite solar projects remains a challenging process with broader safety, environmental, economic, and social implications. Improper siting of solar PV array can cause an adverse effect on the operational safety of the airport. Unlike the typical land solar PV plants, the design and performance assessment in the airport context is multifaceted. In addition, the conventional techno-economic analysis cannot fully reveal the sustainability aspects of airport solar PV projects. The main objective of this study is to develop a methodological framework for siting, design, performance, and sustainability assessment of solar PV power plants in selected airport locations of India and Malaysia. To achieve these objectives, a unique approach for site assessment is developed. Then, solar power potential is estimated based on area availability, followed by customized design and sizing of the land-based solar PV power plant in the airport context. Using 24 different indicators covering technical, economic, and environmental aspects, the performance of the conceptual airport solar PV plant is analyzed. Finally, the sustainability of airport solar PV projects is assessed using a novel sustainable performance index (SPI). It was concluded that the suitable area for airport solar PV systems depends predominantly on the airspace restrictions, gross built area, and glare occurrence. It is observed that around 40 % of the airport is built area, hence unavailable for siting land solar PV systems. The highest value of technical potential is observed for Kuala Lumpur International airport (40 MW) in the Malaysia context and Raipur airport (21 MW) among airports of India. These conservative estimates provide baseline information for the planning and development of solar projects in airports. Unlike the typical land solar PV plants, the airport-specific design involves special consideration to component selection, inter-row distance, and PV array height. A hypothetical 5 MW solar plant is designed for Madurai airport, which mainly consists of 13,490 PV modules that are fixed-tilt at 10° and oriented towards the south. The electrical design component includes five numbers of 1 MW central inverter and five numbers of 1 MVA step-up transformer. It is observed that the solar PV project proposed in Kuching airport is technically viable (80.75 % performance ratio). However, it may not be profitable to the developer due to negative net present value. Hence, it is concluded that individual analyses such as energy and economic may contradict each other. This scenario indicated the relevance of performance analysis covering technical, economic, and environmental aspects. Most of the studied performance indicators are directly influenced by annual energy generation. The highest value of solar energy generation (8,899 MWh) is observed for Dehradun airport that can be attributed to reasonably high solar irradiation and favorable mountain or highland climate. It was understood that government support schemes are no longer required if adequate revenue is available through the sale of carbon credits. Based on the sustainability assessments, it is concluded that the SPI value is highly influenced by net present value, carbon reduction, energy loss, and exergy loss. This insight is supported by the highest SPI score observed for Kota Kinabalu airport, Malaysia (83.66), and Dehradun airport, India (83.00). It is envisaged that this study will be beneficial to energy professionals, airport stakeholders, and policymakers. Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universities and colleges Thesis lcc RESTRICT