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999			_c100818 _d100824
003			MY-KuUP
005			20251125110858.0
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007			ta
008			240528t20242024my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0009855 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMP _erda
090			_aFTKA .S93 2024 r Thesis
100	1		_aSiti Nur Syazana Binti Zakaria, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aPerformance of natural disinfectant by moringa oleifera seeds extract on fungal disinfection in water supply / _cSiti Nur Syazana Binti Zakaria
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2024
264		4	_c©2024
300			_axiii,87 pages : _billustrations (some color) ; _c30 cm. + _e1-CD ROM
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology
502			_aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang – 2024
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aIn recent years, fungal contamination of drinking water has emerged as a significant concern for water quality. Consequently, extensive research has been conducted to explore various disinfection methods. Despite existing technologies, limitations, especially the formation of disinfection by-products, have prompted investigations into alternative approaches. This study focuses on a promising yet relatively unexplored method employing plant-extracted disinfectants to inactivate fungal spores for sustainable disinfection in drinking water distribution systems. The initial phase involves the characterization and mechanism studies of a plant-based antimicrobial agent extracted from Moringa Oleifera seeds, specifically terpenoids. The characteristics, including particle size, composition, textural analysis, and structure of terpenoids, are examined before their introduction into the disinfection process.In the subsequent phase, the terpenoids are mixed with drinking water containing fungi, and the impact of agitation rate, temperature, disinfectant terpenoid concentration, terpenoid-to-fungi volume ratio, and incubation time are systematically investigated. Mechanism and kinetics studies comparing the control fungi with disinfectant terpenoids provide insights into the disinfection process. The optimization of key bio-process parameters is performed to achieve the highest fungal disinfection rate in drinking water distribution systems. The findings reveal that the Moringa Oleifera seed disinfectant effectively reduces fungal growth at specific concentrations. Kinetic observations, conducted through Jar Test experiments, demonstrate a reduction of 2.9-log10 (6.6-ln) for Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa and 0.9-log10 (2.2-ln) for Aspergillus niger. Physical observations under FESEM confirm structural damage to both fungi. This study introduces a novel natural fungal disinfection agent, providing improved microbial process control, cost-effective treatment for fungal disinfection in drinking water distribution systems, enhanced treatment efficiency, and an overall elevation in the quality of drinking water.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
942			_2lcc _cTHESIS