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020			_aTHE0010600 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKKP .Y44 2024 r Bc.
100	0		_aHeng, Yee Phang, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aSyngas production via bi-reforming of methane using transition metal based catalysts / _cHeng Yee Phang
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2024
264		4	_c© 2024
300			_axv, 41 pages : _billustrations ;
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2024
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aAmidst global concerns over greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel depletion, the exploration of clean and sustainable energy became paramount. This research explored the field of methane bi-reforming, an innovative process that simultaneously produced syngas and reduced emissions of both methane and carbon dioxide. Catalyst deactivation in bi-reforming posed challenges, necessitating optimization for enhanced efficiency. This research priortized Ni and Co catalysts because of their balance between effectiveness and affordability. Hence, mono-metallic (Ni and Co) and bi-metallic (Ni-Co) were evaluated via bi-reforming of methane in this study. Three catalysts, 15%Ni/CeO2-CaO, 15%Co/CeO2-CaO and 7.5%Ni-7.5%Co/CeO2-CaO were synthesized using an ultrasonic impregnation-assisted technique and employed in bi-reforming of methane reaction for 8 hours. XRD, BET, SEM and TPO analysis were used to characterize the catalyst. Performance studies were conducted with different catalyst and temperature settings. In accordance with BET analysis, 7.5%Ni-7.5%Co/CeO2-CaO catalyst, possessing the largest surface area, demonstrated the greatest catalytic activity. The results from bi-reforming of methane reaction indicated 7.5%Ni-7.5%Co/CeO2-CaO catalyst displayed superior performance. This was evident in its high conversions, reaching 84% and 92% for CH4 and CO2 respectively, at a temperature of 800°C. Temperature variation experiments on the bi-metallic catalyst identified 900°C as optimal, achieving 91% CH4 conversion and 75% CO2 conversion. Unexpectedly, the high temperature resulting high ratio of H2/CO. This can be explained by the basic support provided by CeO2-CaO, facilitating the adsorption of CO2 while preventing reverse water gas shift reaction from producing CO. Post-reaction XRD on the spent catalyst at 800°C revealed crystalline graphite structures associated with carbon deposition while a lower degree of graphitization at lower temperatures. TPO analysis demonstrated that the bi-metallic catalyst had a high catalytic activity by showing significant amount of graphitic carbon had been deposited on its surface.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
856			_u
942			_2lcc _cPSM
999			_c104990 _d104996