000			03037ntm a2200349 i 4500
003			MY-KuUP
005			20260713114111.0
006			t|||||r|||| 000 0
007			ta
008			260713t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0010717 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKKP .S536 2025 r Bc.
100	0		_aTan, Sia Nee, , , _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aGreen synthesis of reduced graphene oxide / _cTan Sia Nee
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2025
264		4	_c© 2025
300			_axv, 46 pages : _billustrations ;
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aThis research is about the green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by using banana peels and mango leaves extract as green reducing agents. Graphene oxide (GO) is derivative of graphene, which undergoes chemical reduction process to RGO for eliminating the oxygen containing functional groups and restores the sp² carbon bonds. Hydrazine is commonly used in reduction process but it hazardous to both human health and the environment. This research is aim to use plant extract in synthesis RGO since it more environmental friendly and nontoxic. Banana peels and mango leaves extracts were chosen for their widely accessible and rich of antioxidants and phytochemicals such as ascorbic acid, polyphenols, and dopamine which help donate electrons to reduce GO. The first step involves preparing the plant extracts with ratio 1:10 of dried plant material to deionized water and stirred at specific temperature and time. To synthesis RGO, GO, deionized water and plant extract was mixed in 1:1:1 ratio then stirred, centrifuge, filtered and dried. The synthesized RGO was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. FTIR spectra indicated the reduction of GO was successful since the oxygen containing functional group were reduced or removed and new peaks appeared in the MRGO and BRGO spectra. XRD findings showed banana peels extract more effective at reducing GO since MRGO has the higher d-spacing in 001 plane. TGA analysis indicates the thermal stability of synthesized RGO. The observation indicates banana peels extract more effective in reducing GO to RGO since BRGO shows the better thermal stability, fewer water molecules, fewer oxygen containing functional group, and higher graphitic content.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
856			_uhttps://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47595
942			_2lcc _cPSM
999			_c105185 _d105191