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020			_aTHE0010746 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKKP .F53 2025 r Bc.
100	0		_aNur Fatimah Binti Mustafa, , , _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aDevelopment of face serum using natural extract (chrysanthemum) / _cNur Fatimah Binti Mustafa
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2025
264		4	_c© 2025
300			_a53 pages : _billustrations ;
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering Technology (Pharmaceuticals) with Hons ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aFace serums have been more popular in skin care because of their lightweight nature and ability to provide high concentrations of active ingredients. These formulas are intended to treat particular skin issues including hydration, aging, hyperpigmentation, and inflammation. Among the natural components gaining popularity, chrysanthemum extract is notable for its high concentration of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and essential oils, which provide significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and calming qualities. The experiment was conducted to develop the right formulation of natural extract face serum using chrysanthemum as one of its main ingredients. The experiment was also conducted to prove the presence of antioxidants and antibacterial in the chrysanthemum extract. The ingredient of face serum was separated into three phases. The first phase was water phase and it consisted of 85% of the face serum, the second phase was active ingredient and it covered about 10% of the face serum, and the last phase was oil phase and it comprised about 5% of face serum. The phases then were combined together using homogenizer for two minutes to ensure the phases were evenly mixed. The serum demonstrated good results, with a smooth texture, consistent consistency, and no evidence of phase separation, indicating great formulation stability at 3°C and 40°C for 97 days. Importantly, the serum met high safety criteria, with tiny concentrations of heavy metals like iron and copper much below toxic levels. Iron concentration is 0.062mg/L, whereas copper levels is 0.014 mg/L. These low levels not only ensure safety, but also limit the likelihood of skin irritation or oxidative damage. Next, the serum has 5.3 for its pH value and it is considered a safe value for the skin. In conclusion, this study effectively created a chrysanthemum-based face serum that strikes a balance between stability, safety, and efficacy. It emphasizes the benefits of natural components in skincare, meeting the growing need for safe, environmentally friendly products. Future research could look into long-term stability and clinical efficacy to better support its use in commercial applications.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
856			_uhttps://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47633
942			_2lcc _cPSM
999			_c105232 _d105238