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020			_aTHE0009495 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKEE .A97 2026 r Thesis
100	1		_aAzrul Azim Bin Abdullah Hashim, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aIntegrated modelling and control of linear actuator based automatic pedal pressing mechanism for low-speed driving in a road traffic delay / _cAzrul Azim Abdullah Hashim
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2026
264		4	_c© 2026
300			_axii, 91 pages : _billustrations ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD-COM.
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology
502			_aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2026
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references
520	3		_aSitting in traffic congestion often requires drivers to continuously press and release the pedal, leading to significant leg and back fatigue with potential long-term health implications. This thesis aims to model and develop a control system that utilizes a linear actuator to replace the manual leg activities involved in pressing and releasing the vehicle pedal. The study explores two fundamental approaches to enhancing control systems for linear actuators in vehicles. The first approach integrates a PID controller within the Simscape environment to regulate vehicle speed through precise pedal force application. The second approach utilizes a data-driven technique, where system dynamics are modelled using real-world data through Matlab’s System Identification Toolbox. The comparative analysis indicates that the PID controller tuned with the Spiral Sine Cosine Algorithm (SSCA) achieves faster convergence, stabilizing within 15 iterations compared to 40 iterations for the Spiral Dynamic Algorithm (SDA). In simulations, SSCA shows better steady-state accuracy and reduces settling time by 12%. In hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing, SSCA provides enhanced stability, particularly at 250 N, where it minimizes oscillations compared to SDA, which struggles with position tracking issues. While SDA performs better in overshoot, with 3.82% compared to SSCA's 4.80%, its limitations in real-time control make SSCA a more reliable choice for precise actuator control. This research advances linear actuator and force sensor technologies, offering effective solutions for managing pedal and vehicle speed.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
942			_2lcc _cTHESIS
999			_c105324 _d105330