000			03144ntm a2200337 i 4500
003			MY-KuUP
005			20260803105501.0
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008			260803t20262026my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0009503 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFSTI .A36 2026 r Thesis
100	1		_aAinur Balqis Radzi, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aCharacteristics, risk factors, and inhalation risk of airborne microplastics in daycare centres in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia / _cAinur Balqis Radzi
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2026
264		4	_c© 2026
300			_axv, 149 pages : _billustrations ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD-ROM.
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
502			_aThesis (Master of Science) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang - 2026
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aMicroplastic (MP) pollution in the air is a growing concern; however, little research has focused on airborne MP surrounding educational buildings, particularly daycare centres. This study aimed to investigate the number concentration, physical characteristics, potential risk factors, and estimated daily intake through inhalation of airborne MPs by teachers and children in daycare centres in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Airborne MPs were collected using single-stage impactors, and MPs were identified and characterized by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Concentrations were measured, and shape, size, and colour were reported. Estimated daily intake (EDI) was calculated using established exposure models, with uncertainty assessed through Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). The findings have revealed that the geometric mean of MP concentration was 54 particles/m3 (arithmetic mean =59 ± 29 particles/m3) with a wide range spanning from 19 to 124 particles/m3, dominated by fragments (84%), followed by fibres (15%) and films (1%). MPs were observed in various colours, including transparent, black, red, and yellow, with a size distribution ranging from 2.99 μm to 800 μm. Moreover, PET (59%) was predominant polymer type recorded. MP levels varied significantly with cleaning frequency, indoor temperature, and location of daycare (p < 0.05). The estimation of daily intake (EDI) combined with MCS have indicated that children are at a higher risk of inhalation exposure than adults, with the 95th percentile of EDI values was 17.48 MPs/kg-Bw/day for girls and 16.06 MPs/kg-Bw/day for boys, compared to 7.50 MPs/kg-Bw/day for teachers. The findings of the present study have affirmed the need for further research on MP exposure mechanisms in daycare centres and the development of mitigation strategies to protect teachers and young children from these tiny synthetic particles.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
942			_2lcc _cTHESIS
999			_c105359 _d105365