000			02814ntm a2200349 i 4500
003			MY-KuUP
005			20260810154832.0
006			t|||||r|||| 000 0
007			ta
008			260810t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0010940 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKKP .Y83 2025 r Bc.
100	1		_aLiew, Yu Cheng, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aInvestigation of drying time and properties characterization of carrageenan-based hard capsule / _cLiew Yu Cheng
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2025
264		4	_c© 2025
300			_axi, 47 pages : _billustrations ;
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aThis study investigates the effects of process parameters, specifically drying temperature and time, and the properties characterization for carrageenan-based hard capsules as an alternative for gelatin capsules. Limited research has focused on the effects of these parameters on the performance of carrageenan-based hard capsules. This study aims to address this gap by exploring the impact of drying temperature and time on the mechanical and physical properties of carrageenan-based hard capsules. The objectives of this study are to compare the drying temperatures and times with a constant fan speed, and to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of biocomposite film and capsules. The analysis includes a thermogravimetric approach for moisture content, a rotational viscometer for viscosity, a scanning electron microscope for surface morphology, and a CT3 Texture Analyzer for tensile strength and capsule loop strength. The results showed that the optimal drying conditions with a drying temperature of 60°C for 60 minutes with a fan speed of 50% achieved the highest tensile strength (46.96 MPa), elongation at break (44.71%), capsule loop strength (60.88 N), and a low moisture content (26.55%). Moisture content was identified as a critical factor that affects the mechanical properties of hard capsules and films. These findings provide critical insights about the drying parameter affecting the performance and potential of carrageenan-based hard capsules as a sustainable alternative.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
856			_uhttps://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47765
942			_2lcc _cPSM
999			_c105439 _d105445