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003			MY-KuUP
005			20260811124736.0
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008			260811t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0010948 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKKP .K435 2025 r Bc.
100	0		_aSiti Norkhalida Erna Binti Muhamad Zainon, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aSynthesis of titanium-based catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of phenol : _beffect of catalyst dosage / _cSiti Norkhalida Erna Binti Muhamad Zainon
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2025
264		4	_c© 2025
300			_avii, 52 pages : _billustrations ;
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aTiO₂/CdS/TA photocatalysts were rarely studied for phenol degradation in water, including the effects of catalyst dosage on photocatalytic performance, leaving the full potential of this system unable to be utilized. The catalyst was synthesized and was characterized by BET, FTIR, XRD and FESEM techniques to determine surface area, structural, morphological and functional groups. From BET analysis, a TYPE II isotherm with a Type H2 hysteresis loop was observed, indicating the presence of mesoporous structure with ink-bottle-shaped pores, allowing for efficient light penetration and molecular transport. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the catalyst, which play an important role in the generation of photogenerated reactive oxygen species. XRD patterns confirmed the crystalline phases which is anatase and rutile in TiO₂, along with the incorporation of CdS, generating a heterojunction structure to enhance charge separation and visible light absorption. FESEM showed high content of particles in the nanoscale range with a rough surface morphology which led to an increased surface area and active sites. To evaluate the photocatalytic performance, the degradation of phenol was studied by varying the catalyst dosages (0.5 g/L to 2.0 g/L). These results indicated that the highest degradation efficiency of about 58.61% after 180 minutes could be obtained with the optimal dosage (1.5 g/L). The reaction degree was limited in low dosage with fewer active sites, whereas in high dosage with agglomeration, light shielding and poor light penetration. The implications of these results suggest the necessity for optimizing catalyst dosage through modulation of active site availability and light exercise. This research highlights the applicability of TiO₂/CdS/TA photocatalysts in environmental remediation, especially for the treatment of phenolic wastewater. This research provides a foundation for the future research and implementation of highly efficient photocatalytic systems in the fields of wastewater treatment and green environmental development technologies.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
856			_uhttps://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47774
942			_2lcc _cPSM
999			_c105449 _d105455