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008			260811t20252025my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0010954 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKKP .A335 2025 r Bc.
100	0		_aAllif Hakimi Bin Asdinata, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aProcess simulation of food waste acid pre-treatment and torrefaction for renewable energy application / _b _cAllif Hakimi Bin Asdinata
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2025
264		4	_c© 2025
300			_axi, 51 pages : _billustrations ;
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
502			_aFinal Year Report (Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons) ) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah - 2025
504			_aInclude bibliographical reference
520	3		_aThe widespread use of fossil fuels and the increasing global energy demand require sustainable alternatives, prompting research into food waste (FW) as a renewable energy source. This study examines the integration of acid pre-treatment and torrefaction to increase the biofuel potential of FW by overcoming high ash content and suboptimal energy characteristics. Objectives include quantifying the composition of FW in the cafeteria of Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), evaluating the quality of torrefied FW against international biofuel standards, and simulating the acid-torrefaction pre-treatment process using Aspen Plus. FW samples were analyzed through proximate tests, and high heating value (HHV), followed by nitric acid pre-treatment (7 wt% and 120 minutes) and torrefaction (275°C and 30 minutes). Aspen Plus simulation models mass-energy balance and sensitivity analysis for process optimization. Results show a 58% reduction in ash content after acid pre-treatment, complying with ISO 18122 standards (<5% ash). Torrefaction at 275°C increased the HHV to 21.5 MJ/kg, in line with the specification of non-woody pellets. Sensitivity analysis suggested a feed flow rate of 50 kg/J and particle size <2 mm as optimal for maximum biofuel yield (68%). These findings prove SM as a practical alternative to fossil fuels, contributing to SDGs 7, 12, and 13 through a circular economy and reduction of landfill waste. The study provides a scalable framework for sustainable energy production, emphasizing the role of FW in the global renewable energy transition.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
650		0	_aTheses _xDissertations
942			_2lcc _cPSM
999			_c105457 _d105463