000			03637ntm a2200325 i 4500
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008			261008t20262026my a|||fr|||| 000 0 eng d
020			_aTHE0010833 (Local) _qHardback
040			_aUMPSA _beng _cUMPSA _erda
090			_aFTKA .N53 2026 r Thesis
100	0		_aNida Khan, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aCharacterization of marine macroalgae as a renewable resources for bioproducts / _cNida Khan
264		1	_aKuantan, Pahang : _bUMPSA, _c2026
264		4	_c© 2026
300			_axv, 187 pages : _billustrations (some color) ; _c30 cm. + _e1 CD-ROM.
336			_2rdacontent _atext
337			_2rdamedia _aunmediated
338			_2rdacarrier _avolume
347			_2rda _atext file _bPDF
500			_aFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology
502			_aThesis (Doctor of Philosophy) -- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan Abdullah - 2026
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references
520	3		_aThe escalating environmental impact of plastic pollution and fossil fuel dependency has accelerated the demand for renewable biomaterials. This study employs a multidimensional methodology to evaluate the industrial potential of various macroalgae species Sargassum polycystum, Cystoseira barbata, Sargassum wightii, Kappaphycopsis cottonii, Ulva fasciata, Gracilaria fisheri, Caulerpa lentillifera, and Ceramium rubrum. A multi-stage experimental approach was used. First, drying kinetics were analyzed using a PV-integrated portable solar dryer and compared with open sun drying to assess moisture removal and drying efficiency. Next, species-specific pathways were identified for biofuel, bioactive compounds, and bioproduct development. Finally, standardized characterization techniques (FTIR, TGA, and SEM-EDX) were applied to evaluate material quality and performance. Experiments were conducted across multiple species with species-specific sample preparation and analysis. A PV-integrated portable solar dryer was evaluated for its thermal efficiency. Compared to open sun drying, solar drying achieved greater moisture loss for Sargassum polycystum (56.25%) and Cystoseira barbata (59.9%), with significantly higher drying rates of up to 7.49g/hr. SEM-EDX and TGA analyses confirmed improved structural and elemental stability in solar-dried samples, with higher carbon retention and reduced contamination. In biofuel analysis, Kappaphycopsis cottonii and Ceramium rubrum showed high energy potential with calorific values reaching 10.45MJ/kg. For bioactive potential, Ulva fasciata and Kappaphycopsis cottonii yielded carbohydrate contents of 28–29% and protein up to 14%. Due to its favourable alginate content and structural properties, Sargassum wightii was specifically selected for the development of sustainable materials. Bioplastic films derived from Sargassum wightii and potato starch demonstrated 40% biodegradation within 21 days. Furthermore, biopaper developed from Sargassum wightii, 100% coco fiber, and a 50:50 blend based biopaper reached GSM values ranging from 131g/m² to 453g/m², with weight loss in soil burial tests ranging between 23% and 64% within 14 days. These findings demonstrate high environmental compatibility and functional versatility across all tested mediums. Overall, macroalgae is a versatile, multifunctional feedstock, providing a scalable roadmap for sustainable commercialization in the packaging, energy, and food-grade sectors.
610	2	0	_aFaculty of Civil Engineering Technology _xDissertations
650		0	_aUniversities and colleges _xDissertations
942			_2lcc _cTHESIS
999			_c105696 _d105702